Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California 95616, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Advanced Imaging Research Center, Casey Eye Institute, and Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, and Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006.
J Neurosci. 2014 Feb 5;34(6):2065-74. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3038-13.2014.
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for healthy brain and retinal development and have been implicated in a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. This study used resting-state functional connectivity MRI to define the large-scale organization of the rhesus macaque brain and changes associated with differences in lifetime ω-3 fatty acid intake. Monkeys fed docosahexaenoic acid, the long-chain ω-3 fatty acid abundant in neural membranes, had cortical modular organization resembling the healthy human brain. In contrast, those with low levels of dietary ω-3 fatty acids had decreased functional connectivity within the early visual pathway and throughout higher-order associational cortex and showed impairment of distributed cortical networks. Our findings illustrate the similarity in modular cortical organization between the healthy human and macaque brain and support the notion that ω-3 fatty acids play a crucial role in developing and/or maintaining distributed, large-scale brain systems, including those essential for normal cognitive function.
ω-3 脂肪酸对大脑和视网膜的健康发育至关重要，与多种神经发育障碍有关。本研究使用静息态功能磁共振成像来定义恒河猴大脑的大规模组织，并研究与终生 ω-3 脂肪酸摄入量差异相关的变化。用富含神经细胞膜的长链 ω-3 脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸喂养的猴子具有类似于健康人类大脑的皮质模块组织。相比之下，ω-3 脂肪酸摄入量低的猴子在早期视觉通路和整个高级联合皮层的功能连接性降低，并表现出分布式皮质网络的损伤。我们的研究结果表明，健康人类和猕猴大脑的皮质模块组织具有相似性，并支持ω-3 脂肪酸在发育和/或维持分布式、大规模大脑系统中发挥关键作用的观点，包括那些对正常认知功能至关重要的系统。
