Carlson Gwen J, Kordas Katarzyna, Murray-Kolb Laura E
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Matern Child Nutr. 2015 Oct;11(4):452-82. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12113. Epub 2014 Feb 13.
Around the world, many women continue to experience low levels of autonomy. Recent literature has reported that the health consequences of low maternal autonomy extend beyond mothers and translate into health consequences for their children, and may be an important causal factor in child malnutrition. This review summarises the current knowledge of the relationship between maternal autonomy and children's nutritional status (defined as any measure that reflects the nutritional state of the body, such as birthweight or anthropometric scores) and child-feeding practices. The review also includes both discussion of the limitations found in the literature and directions for future research. A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Results of the studies included in the review strongly suggest that raising maternal autonomy is an important goal for improving children's nutritional status, yet gaps in the current knowledge exist, further confounded by issues with how autonomy is measured and limitations of cross-cultural comparability. A thorough understanding of the consequences of restricting women's autonomy will inform programmes and policy worldwide, and speed progress towards both empowering women and alleviating the global burden of child malnutrition.
在世界各地，许多女性的自主权仍然很低。最近的文献报道，孕产妇自主权低下对健康的影响不仅限于母亲自身，还会转化为对其子女健康的影响，并且可能是儿童营养不良的一个重要因果因素。本综述总结了目前关于孕产妇自主权与儿童营养状况（定义为反映身体营养状况的任何指标，如出生体重或人体测量分数）以及儿童喂养方式之间关系的知识。该综述还讨论了文献中发现的局限性以及未来研究的方向。我们对文献进行了系统综述。纳入该综述的研究结果有力地表明，提高孕产妇自主权是改善儿童营养状况的一个重要目标，但目前的知识存在空白，由于自主权衡量方式的问题以及跨文化可比性的局限性，这些空白进一步复杂化。深入了解限制女性自主权的后果将为全球范围内的项目和政策提供参考，并加快实现妇女赋权和减轻全球儿童营养不良负担的进程。
