Jafarzadehpur Ebrahim, Hashemi Hassan, Emamian Mohammad Hassan, Khabazkhoob Mehdi, Mehravaran Shiva, Shariati Mohammad, Fotouhi Akbar
Department of Optometry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int Ophthalmol. 2014 Oct;34(5):1067-74. doi: 10.1007/s10792-014-9911-2. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of color vision defects in the middle-age population of Shahroud, Iran. We selected 6,311 people from the 40- to 64-year-old population through random cluster sampling. Color vision testing was performed with the Farnsworth D-15. Cases with similar and symmetric results in both eyes were classified as hereditary, and those with asymmetric results were considered acquired. Cases that did not conform to standard patterns were classified as unknown category. Of 5,190 respondents (response rate 82.2 %), 5,102 participants underwent the color vision test. Of these, 14.7 % (95 % confidence interval 13.7-15.6) had some type of color vision deficiency. Of the 2,157 male participants, 6.2 % were hereditary and 10.2 % were acquired and of the 2,945 female participants, 3.1 % were hereditary and 10 % were acquired. Hereditary color deficiencies were mostly of the deutan form (63.8 %), and acquired deficiencies were mostly tritan (66.1 %). The prevalence of hereditary and acquired color vision deficiency, as well as different types of red-green and blue-yellow color vision defects significantly increased with age (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the pattern of color vision defects among the middle-aged population of Shahroud was significantly different from that seen in the younger population. This could be due to changes associated with age, gender, medical and ocular conditions, and differences in race and environment. Thus, results of previous examinations and the overall health status should be considered before making any judgment about the status of color vision in middle-aged people.
本研究的目的是确定伊朗沙赫鲁德中年人群中色觉缺陷的患病率。我们通过随机整群抽样从40至64岁的人群中选取了6311人。使用法恩斯沃思D - 15进行色觉测试。双眼结果相似且对称的病例被归类为遗传性，结果不对称的病例被视为后天性。不符合标准模式的病例被归类为未知类别。在5190名受访者中（应答率82.2%），5102名参与者接受了色觉测试。其中，14.7%（95%置信区间13.7 - 15.6）存在某种类型的色觉缺陷。在2157名男性参与者中，6.2%为遗传性，10.2%为后天性；在2945名女性参与者中，3.1%为遗传性，10%为后天性。遗传性色觉缺陷大多为绿色盲型（63.8%），后天性缺陷大多为蓝色盲型（66.1%）。遗传性和后天性色觉缺陷以及不同类型的红绿色和蓝黄色色觉缺陷的患病率随年龄显著增加（p < 0.）。总之，沙赫鲁德中年人群中的色觉缺陷模式与年轻人群显著不同。这可能是由于与年龄、性别、医疗和眼部状况相关的变化，以及种族和环境的差异。因此，在对中年人的色觉状况做出任何判断之前，应考虑先前检查的结果和整体健康状况。
