Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, CALL BOX 9000, Mayagüez, PR 00681-9018, USA.
Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, 11720 Beltsville Drive, Suite 900, Calverton, MD 20705-3111, USA.
J Safety Res. 2014 Feb;48:95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2013.12.005. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
The literature presents a puzzling picture of Latinos being overrepresented in alcohol-related crashes, but not in noncrash drinking and driving. This report examines if, like other demographic variables in which some groups are at a higher crash risk than others (e.g., young drivers), different racial/ethnic groups face different crash risks.
This study compares blood-alcohol information from the 2006-2007 U.S. Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) with control data from the 2007 U.S. National Roadside Survey. Logistic regression, including a dual interaction between BAC and race/ethnicity, was used to estimate crash risk at different BAC levels.
It was found that, although Hispanic and African-American drivers were less likely to be involved in single-vehicle crashes than their White counterparts, all drivers face similar BAC relative crash risk regardless of their group membership. The overrepresentation of Latino drivers in alcohol-related crashes could be explained by differences in patterns of consumption, driving exposure, lack of awareness of driving rules, and/or socioeconomics.
文献呈现出一个令人费解的现象，即拉丁裔人群在与酒精相关的车祸中比例过高，但在非车祸饮酒和酒后驾车方面却并非如此。本报告探讨了是否与其他一些群体比其他群体更容易发生车祸的人口统计学变量（例如年轻司机）一样，不同的种族/族裔群体面临着不同的车祸风险。
本研究比较了 2006-2007 年美国致命事故分析报告系统（FARS）中的血液酒精信息与 2007 年美国国家路边调查的对照数据。使用逻辑回归，包括 BAC 和种族/族裔之间的双重交互作用，来估计不同 BAC 水平下的车祸风险。
研究发现，尽管西班牙裔和非裔美国司机比白人司机更不可能发生单车事故，但无论其所属群体如何，所有司机在 BAC 相对的车祸风险方面都面临着相似的风险。拉丁裔司机在与酒精相关的车祸中比例过高，可以用消费模式、驾驶暴露、对驾驶规则的认识不足以及/或社会经济地位的差异来解释。
