Lundquist P G, Norberg L E
Department of Otolaryngology, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1988;447:14-22. doi: 10.3109/00016488809102852.
The submandibular glands in 100 rats were subjected to different sialagogues: carbachol, clonidine, noradrenalin, and cyclocytidine. The morphological effects of these drugs were compared ultrastructurally. Clonidine, which is an alpha-2-agonist affected mostly the mucous cells, with formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles between the mucous droplets. Noradrenalin and cyclocytidine, both alpha-1-agonists, showed depletion of secretory granules in the serous cells. Noradrenalin also induced cytoplasmic disorganization with enlarged mitochondria, irregular endoplasmic reticulum, and shrinking of the secretory lumen. Carbachol, a cholinergic agonist, was found to produce widespread vacuolization in the cytoplasm of both serous and mucous cells. Small vesicles appeared and mitochondria were destroyed. To induce experimentally a complete depletion of granular serous cells, without other changes in ultrastructural morphology, cyclocytidine was found to be the most efficient drug.
对100只大鼠的下颌下腺给予不同的催涎剂：卡巴胆碱、可乐定、去甲肾上腺素和环胞苷。通过超微结构比较这些药物的形态学效应。作为α2激动剂的可乐定主要影响黏液细胞，在黏液滴之间形成细胞质空泡。去甲肾上腺素和环胞苷均为α1激动剂，可导致浆液细胞中分泌颗粒减少。去甲肾上腺素还会引起细胞质紊乱，线粒体增大、内质网不规则以及分泌腔缩小。胆碱能激动剂卡巴胆碱可导致浆液细胞和黏液细胞的细胞质广泛空泡化。出现小泡且线粒体被破坏。为了通过实验诱导颗粒性浆液细胞完全耗竭，同时不改变超微结构形态的其他方面，发现环胞苷是最有效的药物。
