Belcher Annabelle M, Volkow Nora D, Moeller F Gerard, Ferré Sergi
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2014 Apr;18(4):211-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2014.01.010. Epub 2014 Mar 5.
Clear evidence supports a genetic basis for substance use disorders (SUD). Yet, the search to identify individual gene contributions to SUD has been unsuccessful. Here, we argue for the study of endophenotypes within the frame of individual differences, and identify three high-order personality traits that are tied to specific brain systems and genes, and that offer a tractable approach to studying SUD. These personality traits, and the genes that moderate them, interact dynamically with the environment and with the drugs themselves to determine ultimately an individual's vulnerability or resilience to developing SUD.
确凿的证据支持物质使用障碍（SUD）存在遗传基础。然而，寻找个体基因对SUD的影响一直未成功。在此，我们主张在个体差异框架内研究内表型，并确定了三种与特定脑系统和基因相关的高阶人格特质，它们为研究SUD提供了一种可行的方法。这些人格特质及其调节基因，与环境和药物本身动态相互作用，最终决定个体对SUD的易感性或恢复力。
