Hanss Daniel, Mentzoni Rune A, Blaszczynski Alex, Molde Helge, Torsheim Torbjørn, Pallesen Ståle
Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Post box 7807, 5020, Bergen, Norway,
J Gambl Stud. 2015 Sep;31(3):659-78. doi: 10.1007/s10899-014-9455-4.
We report data collected in a representative sample of 17-year-old Norwegians to investigate prevalence rates of non-problem, risk, and problem gambling, as measured by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). In addition, we explored the importance of demographic, personality, motivational, social, and health variables explaining variance in adolescent gambling. Prevalence rates of risk and problem gambling were low but similar to those found in previous studies outside of Norway using the PGSI in adolescent samples. With regard to the relative importance of the various covariates, we found that motivational variables (future gambling intentions, attitudes toward gambling, and gambling-related knowledge) distinguished best between those who did not gamble, non-problem gamblers, and risk and problem gamblers. Furthermore, social variables were important covariates of adolescent gambling; significant associations were found for family and friends' approval of gambling, parental monitoring, father's level of education, and having relatives or friends with a history of a gambling disorder. We discuss possible reasons for differences between the covariates with regard to their importance for explaining adolescent gambling and address implications for future research.
我们报告了在具有代表性的17岁挪威人群体中收集的数据，以调查非问题性赌博、风险性赌博和问题性赌博的患病率，这些数据通过问题性赌博严重程度指数（PGSI）进行衡量。此外，我们探讨了人口统计学、人格、动机、社会和健康变量在解释青少年赌博差异方面的重要性。风险性赌博和问题性赌博的患病率较低，但与挪威以外地区此前在青少年样本中使用PGSI所发现的患病率相似。关于各种协变量的相对重要性，我们发现动机变量（未来赌博意图、对赌博的态度以及与赌博相关的知识）在不赌博者、非问题性赌博者、风险性赌博者和问题性赌博者之间的区分效果最佳。此外，社会变量是青少年赌博的重要协变量；在家庭和朋友对赌博的认可、父母监督、父亲的教育水平以及有亲属或朋友有赌博障碍病史方面发现了显著关联。我们讨论了协变量在解释青少年赌博方面重要性存在差异的可能原因，并阐述了对未来研究产生的影响。
