Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse , La Crosse, WI, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse , La Crosse, WI, USA.
J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Dec 1;3(4):234-43. eCollection 2004 Dec.
The purpose of this study was to monitor the stress-induced alteration in concentrations of salivary immunoglobulin (S-IgA) and cortisol and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) over the course of a 9-week competitive season in college student-athletes and college students. The subjects consisted of 14 NCAA Division III collegiate female soccer athletes (19.8 ± 1.0 years, mean ± SD) and 14 female college students (22.5 ± 2.6 years). Salivary samples were collected for 9 weeks during a competitive soccer season. S-IgA and cortisol concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A training and performance questionnaire was given to the subjects every week, to record the subjects' session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for all the training, load, monotony and strain, as well as any injuries or illnesses experienced. The between groups ANOVA procedure for repeated measures showed no changes in salivary concentrations of IgA and cortisol. Chi-square analysis showed that during the 9-week training season injury and illness occurred at a higher rate among the soccer players. There was a significant difference at baseline between soccer and control S-IgA levels (p≤0.05). Decreased levels of S-IgA and increases in the indices of training (load, strain and monotony) were associated with an increase in the incidence of illness during the 9-week competitive soccer season. Key PointsThere was a significant difference at baseline between soccer and control S-IgA levelsEighty-two percent of illnesses could be explained by a preceding decrease in S-IgA.Increases in the indices of training (load, strain and monotony) were associated with an increase in the incidence of illness.
本研究旨在监测大学生运动员和大学生在 9 周竞技赛季中唾液免疫球蛋白（S-IgA）和皮质醇浓度的应激变化以及上呼吸道感染（URTI）的发生率。受试者包括 14 名 NCAA 三级大学女子足球运动员（19.8 ± 1.0 岁，均值 ± 标准差）和 14 名女大学生（22.5 ± 2.6 岁）。在一个竞技足球赛季中，收集了 9 周的唾液样本。通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定 S-IgA 和皮质醇浓度。每周向受试者发放一份训练和表现问卷，记录受试者在所有训练、负荷、单调和紧张时的主观感觉用力程度（RPE），以及任何受伤或患病情况。重复测量的组间方差分析显示，S-IgA 和皮质醇的唾液浓度没有变化。卡方分析显示，在 9 周的训练赛季中，足球运动员受伤和患病的发生率较高。足球和对照组 S-IgA 水平的基线差异有统计学意义（p≤0.05）。S-IgA 水平降低和训练指数（负荷、紧张和单调）增加与 9 周竞技足球赛季期间疾病发生率增加相关。关键点足球和对照组 S-IgA 水平的基线差异有统计学意义82%的疾病可以用 S-IgA 水平的先前下降来解释训练指数（负荷、紧张和单调）的增加与疾病发生率的增加相关。
