Collins Sean M, Silberlicht Max, Perzinski Chris, Smith Stephen P, Davidson Patrick W
Departments of 1Exercise Physiology; 2Athletic; and 3Health and Physical Education, Lynchburg College, Lynchburg, Virginia; and 4Department of Exercise Science and Sports Studies, Springfield College, Massachusetts.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Sep;28(9):2673-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000454.
Numerous studies have examined the effects that body composition has on performance in football, soccer, and ice hockey; yet, there are no similar studies examining this relationship in men's lacrosse. The purpose of the study was to examine the physiological profiles and the relationship between body composition and performance in aerobic and anaerobic tests. Fifty-four (19.63 ± 1.21 years; 178.53 ± 6.17 cm; 81.66 ± 14.96 kg) Division III intercollegiate athletes participated. Performance tests, including a 1 repetition maximum power clean (PC), body weight (lbs), bench press repetitions, parallel bar triceps dips to fatigue (DR), two 300-yard shuttles, and a 1-mile run (MT), were completed after the completion of fall preseason practices. Body composition was estimated using air-displacement plethysmography. Correlation coefficients determined relationships between percent body fat (%BF), fat-free mass (FFM), and testing variables. Increased %BF was negatively correlated to DR (r = -0.36, p = 0.01) whereas positively correlated to each 300-yard shuttle time (T1 and T2), total 300-yard shuttle time (TT), and MT (r = 0.64, p = 0.00; r = 0.68, p = 0.00; r = 0.69, p = 0.00; and r = 0.44, p = 0.00, respectively). Increased FFM was positively correlated with PC (r = 0.58, p = 0.00) yet not correlated (p ≥ 0.05) with other variables. Results indicated that increased %BF might be a detriment to the repetitive anaerobic performance and aerobic capacity vital to on-field lacrosse performance. Body composition also demonstrated a significant relationship to moving internal vs. external resistances.
许多研究已经探讨了身体成分对橄榄球、足球和冰球运动表现的影响；然而，目前尚无类似研究考察男子长曲棍球运动中身体成分与运动表现之间的这种关系。本研究的目的是在有氧和无氧测试中，考察生理特征以及身体成分与运动表现之间的关系。54名（年龄19.63±1.21岁；身高178.53±6.17厘米；体重81.66±14.96千克）三级大学间运动员参与了研究。在秋季季前赛训练结束后，完成了多项运动表现测试，包括1次最大力量抓举（PC）、体重（磅）、卧推重复次数、双杠三头肌屈伸至力竭（DR）、两次300码穿梭跑以及1英里跑（MT）。使用空气置换体积描记法估算身体成分。相关系数确定了体脂百分比（%BF）、去脂体重（FFM）与测试变量之间的关系。%BF增加与DR呈负相关（r = -0.36，p = 0.01），而与每次300码穿梭跑时间（T1和T2）、300码穿梭跑总时间（TT）以及MT呈正相关（r分别为0.64，p = 0.00；0.68，p = 0.00；0.69，p = 0.00；以及0.44，p = 0.00）。FFM增加与PC呈正相关（r = 0.58，p = 0.00），但与其他变量无相关性（p≥0.05）。结果表明，%BF增加可能不利于对长曲棍球场上表现至关重要的重复性无氧运动表现和有氧能力。身体成分还显示出与移动内部阻力和外部阻力之间存在显著关系。
