Viral Oncology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; AIDS Malignancies Scientific Working Group, Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department and Graduate Program in Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2014 Mar 12;15(3):266-82. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.02.011.
Approximately 12% of all human cancers are caused by oncoviruses. Human viral oncogenesis is complex, and only a small percentage of the infected individuals develop cancer, often many years to decades after the initial infection. This reflects the multistep nature of viral oncogenesis, host genetic variability, and the fact that viruses contribute to only a portion of the oncogenic events. In this review, the Hallmarks of Cancer framework of Hanahan and Weinberg (2000 and 2011) is used to dissect the viral, host, and environmental cofactors that contribute to the biology of multistep oncogenesis mediated by established human oncoviruses. The viruses discussed include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV, respectively), human T cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1), and Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV).
大约 12%的人类癌症是由致癌病毒引起的。人类病毒致癌作用复杂，只有一小部分受感染个体发生癌症，通常在初次感染后数年至数十年。这反映了病毒致癌的多步骤性质、宿主遗传变异性，以及病毒仅促成致癌事件的一部分这一事实。在这篇综述中，汉纳汉和温伯格（Hanahan and Weinberg）（2000 年和 2011 年）的“癌症特征”框架被用于剖析有助于由已确立的人类致癌病毒介导的多步骤致癌发生的病毒、宿主和环境共同因子。所讨论的病毒包括 EBV（Epstein-Barr virus）、高危型 HPV（human papillomavirus）、HBV（hepatitis B virus）和 HCV（hepatitis C virus）、HTLV-1（human T cell lymphotropic virus-1）和 KSHV（Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus）。
