Ezejiofor Anthonet Ndidi, Okorie Abednego, Orisakwe Orish Ebere
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers Sate PMB 5323, Nigeria.
Malays J Med Sci. 2013 Oct;20(5):31-9.
The tissue-protective potential of Persea americana necessitated a look into the histopathological effects of the plant extract on the pancreas, liver, and kidneys. This study was conceived and designed based on the gaps in the research that has been performed and what is known about the plant. The hypoglycaemic and tissue-protective effects of hot aqueous Persea americana (avocado pear) seed extracts on alloxan-induced albino rats were investigated.
Persea americana seeds were extracted using hot water, and different concentrations of the extract were prepared. The effects of different concentrations (20, 30, 40 g/L) of the hot aqueous P. americana seed extract on alloxan-induced Wistar albino rats were compared with those of a reference drug, glibenclamide. The glucose level of the rats was measured daily, and the weight of the animal was monitored on a weekly basis for 21 days. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes, and the histopathologies of the liver, kidneys, and pancreas were investigated. Phytochemical analysis of P. americana seed extracts indicated the presence of glycosides, tannins, saponins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, and alkaloids.
The results showed that the extract possessed a significant hypoglycaemic (P < 0.05) effect and reversed the histopathological damage that occurred in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, comparable to the effects glibenclamide. The seeds of P. americana also had anti-diabetic and protective effects on some rat tissues such as the pancreas, kidneys, and liver.
In conclusion, the present study provides a pharmacological basis for the folkloric use of the hot-water extract of P. americana seeds in the management of diabetes mellitus.
美国牛油果的组织保护潜力促使人们研究该植物提取物对胰腺、肝脏和肾脏的组织病理学影响。本研究是基于已开展研究中的空白以及对该植物的已知情况构思和设计的。研究了美国牛油果（鳄梨）种子热水提取物对四氧嘧啶诱导的白化大鼠的降血糖和组织保护作用。
用热水提取美国牛油果种子，并制备不同浓度的提取物。将不同浓度（20、30、40 g/L）的美国牛油果种子热水提取物对四氧嘧啶诱导的Wistar白化大鼠的影响与参考药物格列本脲进行比较。每天测量大鼠的血糖水平，并在21天内每周监测动物体重。在0、30、60、90和120分钟进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT），并研究肝脏、肾脏和胰腺的组织病理学。美国牛油果种子提取物的植物化学分析表明存在糖苷、单宁、皂苷、碳水化合物、黄酮类化合物和生物碱。
结果表明，该提取物具有显著的降血糖作用（P < 0.05），并逆转了四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病大鼠发生的组织病理学损伤，与格列本脲的作用相当。美国牛油果种子对一些大鼠组织如胰腺、肾脏和肝脏也具有抗糖尿病和保护作用。
总之，本研究为美国牛油果种子热水提取物在糖尿病管理中的民间应用提供了药理学依据。
