Institute of Physical Culture and Tourism, Jan Długosz Academy in Częstochowa, Poland.
Chair of Physiotherapy Basics, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland.
Biol Sport. 2013 Sep;30(3):189-94. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1059210. Epub 2013 Jul 22.
Sustained aerobic exercise not only affects the rate of force development but also decreases peak power development. The aim of this study was to investigate whether anaerobic power of amateur mountain bikers changes during the first half of the competition season. Eight trained cyclists (mean ± SE: age: 22.0 ±0.5 years; height: 174.6 ± 0.9 cm; weight: 70.7 ± 2.6 kg) were subjected to an ergocycle incremental exercise test and to the Wingate test on two occasions: before, and in the middle of the season. After the incremental exercise test the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption was measured during 5-min recovery. Blood lactate concentration was measured in the 4th min after the Wingate test. Maximum oxygen uptake increased from 60.0 ± 1.5 ml min(-1) kg(-1) at the beginning of the season to 65.2 ± 1.4 ml min(-1) kg(-1) (P < 0.05) in the season. Neither of the mechanical variables of the Wingate test nor excess post-exercise oxygen consumption values were significantly different in these two measurements. However, blood lactate concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in season (11.0 ± 0.5 mM) than before the season (8.6 ± 0.4 mM). It is concluded that: 1) despite the increase of cyclists' maximum oxygen uptake during the competition season their anaerobic power did not change; 2) blood lactate concentration measured at the 4th min after the Wingate test does not properly reflect training-induced changes in energy metabolism.
持续的有氧运动不仅会影响力的发展速度，还会降低峰值力量的发展。本研究旨在探讨业余山地自行车运动员在比赛赛季的前半段期间无氧能力是否会发生变化。8 名训练有素的自行车手（平均± SE：年龄：22.0±0.5 岁；身高：174.6±0.9 厘米；体重：70.7±2.6 公斤）分别在赛季前和赛季中期进行了两次递增式自行车测力计测试和瓦格宁根测试。在递增式自行车测力计测试后，在 5 分钟恢复期内测量了过量的运动后耗氧量。在瓦格宁根测试的第 4 分钟测量了血乳酸浓度。最大摄氧量从赛季开始时的 60.0±1.5 ml min(-1) kg(-1)增加到赛季中的 65.2±1.4 ml min(-1) kg(-1)（P<0.05）。在这两个测量中，瓦格宁根测试的机械变量或过量的运动后耗氧量值都没有显著差异。然而，血乳酸浓度在赛季中（11.0±0.5 mM）显著高于赛季前（8.6±0.4 mM）（P<0.001）。结论是：1）尽管自行车手在比赛赛季中的最大摄氧量增加，但他们的无氧能力没有变化；2）瓦格宁根测试后第 4 分钟测量的血乳酸浓度不能正确反映训练引起的能量代谢变化。
