Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Am J Cardiol. 2014 Jun 15;113(12):2057-63. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.03.048. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Impaired vascular responses may, in part, explain these findings, but the association of such long-term exposure with measures of both conduit artery and microvascular function has not been widely reported. We evaluated the association between residential proximity to a major roadway (primary or secondary highway) and spatially resolved average fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and baseline brachial artery diameter and mean flow velocity, flow-mediated dilation%, and hyperemic flow velocity, in the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation Cohorts. We examined 5,112 participants (2,731 [53%] women, mean age 49 ± 14 years). Spatially resolved average PM2.5 was associated with lower flow-mediated dilation% and hyperemic flow velocity. An interquartile range difference in PM2.5 (1.99 μg/m(3)) was associated with -0.16% (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.27%, -0.05%) lower flow-mediated dilation% and -0.72 (95% CI -1.38, -0.06) cm/s lower hyperemic flow velocity%. Residential proximity to a major roadway was negatively associated with flow-mediated dilation%. Compared with living ≥400 m away, living <50 m from a major roadway was associated with 0.32% lower flow-mediated dilation (95% CI -0.58%, -0.06%), but results for hyperemic flow velocity had wide confidence intervals -0.68 cm/s (95% CI -2.29, 0.93). In conclusion, residential proximity to a major roadway and higher levels of spatially resolved estimates of PM2.5 at participant residences are associated with impaired conduit artery and microvascular function in this large community-based cohort of middle-aged and elderly adults.
长期暴露于环境大气污染与心血管发病率和死亡率有关。血管反应受损可能部分解释了这些发现,但长期暴露与主要动脉(一级或二级公路)和空间分辨平均细颗粒物(PM2.5)与 conduit 动脉和微血管功能的测量值之间的关联尚未广泛报道。我们评估了居住在主要道路(一级或二级公路)附近与空间分辨平均 PM2.5 与 Framingham 后代和第三代队列的肱动脉直径和平均血流速度、血流介导的扩张%、充血血流速度之间的关联。我们研究了 5112 名参与者(2731 名[53%]女性,平均年龄 49±14 岁)。空间分辨平均 PM2.5 与较低的血流介导的扩张%和充血血流速度相关。PM2.5 的四分位距差异(1.99μg/m3)与血流介导的扩张%降低 0.16%(95%置信区间[CI]:-0.27%,-0.05%)和充血血流速度降低 0.72cm/s(95%CI:-1.38,-0.06)相关。主要道路的居住临近与血流介导的扩张呈负相关。与居住距离主干道≥400m 相比,居住距离主干道<50m 与血流介导的扩张降低 0.32%相关(95%CI:-0.58%,-0.06%),但充血血流速度的结果置信区间较宽-0.68cm/s(95%CI:-2.29,0.93)。总之,主要道路的居住临近和参与者居住地的空间分辨 PM2.5 水平较高与该大型社区中年和老年人群中 conduit 动脉和微血管功能受损相关。