Miroddi Marco, Navarra Michele, Quattropani Maria C, Calapai Fabrizio, Gangemi Sebastiano, Calapai Gioacchino
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2014 Jun;20(6):485-95. doi: 10.1111/cns.12270. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia lavandulaefolia L. have a longstanding use as traditional herbal remedies that can enhance memory and improve cognitive functions. Pharmacological actions of S. officinalis and S. lavandulaefolia on healthy subjects and on patients suffering of cognitive decline have been investigated. Aim of this review was to summarize published clinical trials assessing effectiveness and safety of S. officinalis and S. lavandulaefolia in the enhancement of cognitive performance in healthy subjects and neurodegenerative illnesses. Furthermore, to purchase a more complete view on safety of S. officinalis and S. lavandulaefolia, we collected and discussed articles regarding toxicity and adverse reactions. Eight clinical studies investigating on acute effects of S. officinalis on healthy subjects were included in the review. Six studies investigated on the effects of S. officinalis and S. lavandaeluaefolia on cognitive performance in healthy subjects. The two remaining were carried out to study the effects of sage on Azheimer's disease. Our review shows that S. officinalis and S. lavandulaefolia exert beneficial effects by enhancing cognitive performance both in healthy subjects and patients with dementia or cognitive impairment and is safe for this indication. Unfortunately, promising beneficial effects are debased by methodological issues, use of different herbal preparations (extracts, essential oil, use of raw material), lack of details on herbal products used. We believe that sage promising effects need further higher methodological standard clinical trials.
鼠尾草和薰衣草叶鼠尾草长期以来一直被用作传统草药，可增强记忆力并改善认知功能。已对鼠尾草和薰衣草叶鼠尾草对健康受试者和认知功能衰退患者的药理作用进行了研究。本综述的目的是总结已发表的临床试验，评估鼠尾草和薰衣草叶鼠尾草在增强健康受试者和神经退行性疾病患者认知能力方面的有效性和安全性。此外，为了更全面地了解鼠尾草和薰衣草叶鼠尾草的安全性，我们收集并讨论了有关毒性和不良反应的文章。该综述纳入了八项研究鼠尾草对健康受试者急性影响的临床研究。六项研究调查了鼠尾草和薰衣草叶鼠尾草对健康受试者认知能力的影响。其余两项研究旨在研究鼠尾草对阿尔茨海默病的影响。我们的综述表明，鼠尾草和薰衣草叶鼠尾草通过增强健康受试者以及痴呆或认知障碍患者的认知能力发挥有益作用，并且在此适应症上是安全的。不幸的是，有前景的有益作用因方法学问题、使用不同的草药制剂（提取物、精油、原材料的使用）以及所使用草药产品缺乏详细信息而大打折扣。我们认为，鼠尾草的潜在作用需要进一步开展更高方法学标准的临床试验。
