Global Center for Mass Gathering Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Global Health and WHO Collaborating Centre on Mass Gatherings, London, UK.
Global Health and WHO Collaborating Centre on Mass Gatherings, London, UK.
Lancet. 2014 Jun 14;383(9934):2083-2089. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62342-9. Epub 2014 May 20.
Mass gatherings are regarded as potential risks for transmission of infectious diseases, and might compromise the health system of countries in which they are hosted. The evidence for increased transmission of infectious diseases at international sporting mass gatherings that attract many visitors from all over the world is not clear, and the evidence base for public health surveillance, epidemiology, and response at events such as the Olympics is small. However, infectious diseases are a recognised risk, and public health planning is, and should remain, a crucial part of the overall planning of sporting events. In this Series paper, we set out the planning and the surveillance systems that were used to monitor public health risks during the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games in the summer of 2012, and draw attention to the public health issues-infectious diseases and chemical, radiation, and environmental hazards-that arose. Although the absolute risk of health-protection problems, including infectious diseases, at sporting mass gatherings is small, the need for reassurance of the absence of problems is higher than has previously been considered; this could challenge conventional public health surveillance systems. Recognition of the limitations of health-surveillance systems needs to be part of the planning for future sporting events.
大规模集会被认为是传染病传播的潜在风险，可能会影响举办国的卫生系统。目前尚不清楚在吸引来自世界各地众多游客的国际体育盛事中，传染病传播是否会增加，而针对奥运会等活动的公共卫生监测、流行病学和应对措施的证据基础也很小。然而，传染病是公认的风险，公共卫生规划是，并且应该仍然是体育赛事整体规划的重要组成部分。在本系列论文中，我们阐述了在 2012 年夏季伦敦 2012 年奥运会和残奥会期间用于监测公共卫生风险的规划和监测系统，并提请注意出现的公共卫生问题——传染病以及化学、辐射和环境危害。尽管在体育盛事中，包括传染病在内的健康保护问题的绝对风险很小，但对不存在问题的保证的需求比以往任何时候都要高；这可能会挑战传统的公共卫生监测系统。需要认识到卫生监测系统的局限性，这是未来体育赛事规划的一部分。
