Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
BMC Pediatr. 2014 Jun 2;14:138. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-138.
Social media use is highly prevalent among children, youth, and their caregivers, and its use in healthcare is being explored. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to determine: 1) for what purposes social media is being used in child health and its effectiveness; and 2) the attributes of social media tools that may explain how they are or are not effective.
We searched Medline, CENTRAL, ERIC, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, Alt Health Watch, Health Source, Communication and Mass Media Complete, Web of Knowledge, and Proquest Dissertation and Theses Database from 2000-2013. We included primary research that evaluated the use of a social media tool, and targeted children, youth, or their families or caregivers. Quality assessment was conducted on all included analytic studies using tools specific to different quantitative designs.
We identified 25 studies relevant to child health. The majority targeted adolescents (64%), evaluated social media for health promotion (52%), and used discussion forums (68%). Most often, social media was included as a component of a complex intervention (64%). Due to heterogeneity in conditions, tools, and outcomes, results were not pooled across studies. Attributes of social media perceived to be effective included its use as a distraction in younger children, and its ability to facilitate communication between peers among adolescents. While most authors presented positive conclusions about the social media tool being studied (80%), there is little high quality evidence of improved outcomes to support this claim.
This comprehensive review demonstrates that social media is being used for a variety of conditions and purposes in child health. The findings provide a foundation from which clinicians and researchers can build in the future by identifying tools that have been developed, describing how they have been used, and isolating components that have been effective.
社交媒体在儿童、青少年及其照顾者中广泛使用，其在医疗保健中的应用也正在被探索。本研究的目的是进行系统评价，以确定：1）社交媒体在儿童健康中的使用目的及其有效性；2）解释社交媒体工具有效或无效的原因。
我们检索了 2000 年至 2013 年期间的 Medline、CENTRAL、ERIC、PubMed、CINAHL、Academic Search Complete、Alt Health Watch、Health Source、Communication and Mass Media Complete、Web of Knowledge 和 Proquest Dissertation and Theses Database。我们纳入了评估社交媒体工具使用情况并针对儿童、青少年或其家庭或照顾者的原始研究。使用特定于不同定量设计的工具对所有纳入的分析研究进行了质量评估。
我们确定了 25 项与儿童健康相关的研究。大多数研究针对青少年（64%），评估了社交媒体在健康促进方面的应用（52%），并使用了讨论论坛（68%）。大多数情况下，社交媒体是作为复杂干预的一个组成部分纳入的（64%）。由于条件、工具和结果的异质性，研究结果无法在所有研究中汇总。被认为有效的社交媒体属性包括在年幼儿童中用作分散注意力的工具，以及在青少年中促进同伴之间沟通的能力。虽然大多数作者对正在研究的社交媒体工具提出了积极的结论（80%），但几乎没有高质量的证据支持这一说法，即改善了结果。
这项全面的综述表明，社交媒体正在被用于儿童健康的各种疾病和目的。这些发现为临床医生和研究人员提供了一个基础，他们可以在此基础上确定已经开发的工具，描述它们的使用方式，并确定有效的组成部分。
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