Rao Li-Lin, Zhou Yuan, Liang Zhu-Yuan, Rao Henyi, Zheng Rui, Sun Yan, Tan Cheng, Xiao Yi, Tian Zhi-Qiang, Chen Xiao-Ping, Wang Chun-Hui, Bai Yan-Qiang, Chen Shan-Guang, Li Shu
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou, China.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 May 27;8:187. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00187. eCollection 2014.
Space is characterized by risk and uncertainty. As humans play an important role in long-duration space missions, the ability to make risky decisions effectively is important for astronauts who spend extended time periods in space. The present study used the Balloon Analog Risk Task to conduct both behavioral and fMRI experiments to evaluate the effects of simulated microgravity on individuals' risk-taking behavior and the neural basis of the effect. The results showed that participants' risk-taking behavior was not affected by bed rest. However, we found that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) showed less deactivation after bed rest and that the VMPFC activation in the active choice condition showed no significant difference between the win outcome and the loss outcome after bed rest, although its activation was significantly greater in the win outcome than in the loss outcome before bed rest. These results suggested that the participants showed a decreased level of value calculation after the bed rest. Our findings can contribute to a better understanding of the effect of microgravity on individual higher-level cognitive functioning.
太空具有风险和不确定性。由于人类在长期太空任务中发挥着重要作用，有效做出风险决策的能力对于在太空中长时间停留的宇航员来说至关重要。本研究使用气球模拟风险任务进行了行为和功能磁共振成像实验，以评估模拟微重力对个体冒险行为的影响及其作用的神经基础。结果表明，参与者的冒险行为不受卧床休息的影响。然而，我们发现腹内侧前额叶皮层（VMPFC）在卧床休息后去激活程度降低，并且在主动选择条件下，卧床休息后VMPFC在赢的结果和输的结果之间的激活没有显著差异，尽管其在卧床休息前赢的结果中的激活明显大于输的结果。这些结果表明，卧床休息后参与者的价值计算水平降低。我们的研究结果有助于更好地理解微重力对个体高级认知功能的影响。
