Liu Xiyuan, Lin Tung-Yi, Lillehoj Peter B
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, 428 S. Shaw Lane, Room 2461, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2014 Nov;42(11):2205-17. doi: 10.1007/s10439-014-1055-z. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Recent advances in biomedical science and technology have played a significant role in the development of new sensors and assays for cell and biomolecular detection. Generally, these efforts are aimed at reducing the complexity and costs associated with diagnostic testing so that it can be performed outside of a laboratory or hospital setting, requiring minimal equipment and user involvement. In particular, point-of-care (POC) testing offers immense potential for many important applications including medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, food safety, and biosecurity. When coupled with smartphones, POC systems can offer portability, ease of use and enhanced functionality while maintaining performance. This review article focuses on recent advancements and developments in smartphone-based POC systems within the last 6 years with an emphasis on cell and biomolecular detection. These devices typically comprise multiple components, such as detectors, sample processors, disposable chips, batteries, and software, which are integrated with a commercial smartphone. One of the most important aspects of developing these systems is the integration of these components onto a compact and lightweight platform that requires minimal power. Researchers have demonstrated several promising approaches employing various detection schemes and device configurations, and it is expected that further developments in biosensors, battery technology and miniaturized electronics will enable smartphone-based POC technologies to become more mainstream tools in the scientific and biomedical communities.
生物医学科学与技术的最新进展在用于细胞和生物分子检测的新型传感器及检测方法的开发中发挥了重要作用。一般来说，这些努力旨在降低与诊断测试相关的复杂性和成本，以便能够在实验室或医院环境之外进行，所需设备和用户参与最少。特别是，即时检测（POC）在许多重要应用中具有巨大潜力，包括医学诊断、环境监测、食品安全和生物安全。当与智能手机结合使用时，POC系统在保持性能的同时，可提供便携性、易用性和增强的功能。这篇综述文章重点介绍了过去6年基于智能手机的POC系统的最新进展和发展情况，尤其侧重于细胞和生物分子检测。这些设备通常由多个组件组成，如探测器、样品处理器、一次性芯片、电池和软件，它们与商用智能手机集成在一起。开发这些系统最重要的方面之一是将这些组件集成到一个紧凑、轻便且功耗极低的平台上。研究人员已经展示了几种采用各种检测方案和设备配置的有前景的方法，预计生物传感器、电池技术和小型化电子学的进一步发展将使基于智能手机的POC技术成为科学和生物医学领域更主流的工具。
