Johnsson I W, Haglund B, Ahlsson F, Gustafsson J
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Pediatr Obes. 2015 Apr;10(2):77-83. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.230. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
The association between low birth weight and adult disease is well known. Less is known on long-term effects of high birth weight.
This study aims to investigate whether a high birth weight increases risk for adult metabolic disease.
Swedish term single births, 1973-1982 (n = 759,999), were studied to age 27.5-37.5 years using Swedish national registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated in relation to birth weight for type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia.
Men with birth weights between 2 and 3 standard deviation score (SDS) had a 1.9-fold increased risk (HR 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-2.90) of type 2 diabetes, whereas those with birth weights above 3 SDS had a 5.4-fold increased risk (HR 5.44, 95% CI 2.70-10.96) compared to men with birth weights between -2 and 2 SDS. The corresponding HRs for women were 0.60 (95% CI 0.40-0.91) and 1.71 (95% CI 0.85-3.43) for birth weights 2-3 SDS and >3 SDS, respectively. Men with birth weights between 2 and 3 SDS had a 1.5-fold increased risk (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.22-1.77) of obesity. The corresponding risk for women was 1.3-fold increased (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19-1.46). For men and women with birth weights above 3 SDS, the risks of adult obesity were higher, HR 2.46 (95% CI 1.63-3.71) and HR 1.85 (95% CI 1.44-2.37), respectively.
A high birth weight, particularly very high, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in male young adults. The risk of obesity increases with increasing birth weight in both genders.
低出生体重与成人疾病之间的关联已广为人知。关于高出生体重的长期影响，人们了解得较少。
本研究旨在调查高出生体重是否会增加成人患代谢性疾病的风险。
利用瑞典国家登记册，对1973年至1982年在瑞典出生的足月单胎婴儿（n = 759,999）进行研究，直至他们27.5至37.5岁。计算了2型糖尿病、肥胖症、高血压和血脂异常与出生体重相关的风险比（HRs）。
出生体重在2至3个标准差评分（SDS）之间的男性患2型糖尿病的风险增加了1.9倍（HR 1.91，95%置信区间[CI] 1.25 - 2.90），而出生体重高于3 SDS的男性与出生体重在 -2至2 SDS之间的男性相比，风险增加了5.4倍（HR 5.44，95% CI 2.70 - 10.96）。出生体重在2至3 SDS和>3 SDS的女性，相应的HR分别为0.60（95% CI 0.40 - 0.91）和1.71（95% CI 0.85 - 3.43）。出生体重在2至3 SDS之间的男性患肥胖症的风险增加了1.5倍（HR 1.47，95% CI 1.22 - 1.77）。女性的相应风险增加了1.3倍（HR 1.32，95% CI 1.19 - 1.46）。对于出生体重高于3 SDS的男性和女性，成人肥胖的风险更高，分别为HR 2.46（95% CI 1.63 - 3.71）和HR 1.85（95% CI 1.44 - 2.37）。
高出生体重，尤其是非常高的出生体重，会增加年轻男性患2型糖尿病的风险。肥胖风险在两性中均随着出生体重的增加而增加。
