Healy Laura C, Ntoumanis Nikos, Veldhuijzen van Zanten Jet J, Paine Nicola
Physical Education and Sport Studies Department, Newman University, Bartley Green, Birmingham, UK.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2014 Oct;36(5):446-59. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2013-0261.
This investigation sought to clarify mixed results in the literature exploring coach behaviors, basic psychological needs, goal motivation, and well- and ill-being. Regional-level team sport athletes (N = 241) completed questionnaires on the aforementioned variables at the beginning of the season. A subsample (n = 70) provided saliva samples to assess physical ill-being. At the end of the season, athletes (n = 98) reported their goal motivation and attainment. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that coach behaviors were related to needs satisfaction and thwarting, which were related to autonomous and controlled goal motives respectively. Autonomous motives were related to well- and ill-being; controlled motives were only related to ill-being. Over time, only end-of-season autonomous goal motives were related to goal attainment. The findings provide an insight into how coaches can facilitate optimum goal striving and well-being in their athletes.
本研究旨在澄清在探索教练行为、基本心理需求、目标动机以及身心健康方面文献中的混合结果。地区级团队运动运动员（N = 241）在赛季开始时完成了关于上述变量的问卷调查。一个子样本（n = 70）提供了唾液样本以评估身体不适状况。在赛季结束时，运动员（n = 98）报告了他们的目标动机和目标达成情况。结构方程模型表明，教练行为与需求满足和需求受挫相关，而需求满足和需求受挫又分别与自主目标动机和受控目标动机相关。自主动机与身心健康相关；受控动机仅与身体不适相关。随着时间推移，只有赛季末的自主目标动机与目标达成相关。这些发现为教练如何促进运动员实现最佳目标追求和身心健康提供了见解。
