吸烟与阿尔茨海默病风险增加：潜在机制综述
Smoking and increased Alzheimer's disease risk: a review of potential mechanisms.
作者信息
Durazzo Timothy C, Mattsson Niklas, Weiner Michael W
机构信息
Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2014 Jun;10(3 Suppl):S122-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.04.009.
BACKGROUND
Cigarette smoking has been linked with both increased and decreased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). This is relevant for the US military because the prevalence of smoking in the military is approximately 11% higher than in civilians.
METHODS
A systematic review of published studies on the association between smoking and increased risk for AD and preclinical and human literature on the relationships between smoking, nicotine exposure, and AD-related neuropathology was conducted. Original data from comparisons of smoking and never-smoking cognitively normal elders on in vivo amyloid imaging are also presented.
RESULTS
Overall, literature indicates that former/active smoking is related to a significantly increased risk for AD. Cigarette smoke/smoking is associated with AD neuropathology in preclinical models and humans. Smoking-related cerebral oxidative stress is a potential mechanism promoting AD pathology and increased risk for AD.
CONCLUSIONS
A reduction in the incidence of smoking will likely reduce the future prevalence of AD.
背景
吸烟与阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险的增加和降低均有关联。这对美国军队而言具有重要意义，因为军队中的吸烟率比平民约高11%。
方法
对已发表的关于吸烟与AD风险增加之间关联的研究，以及关于吸烟、尼古丁暴露与AD相关神经病理学之间关系的临床前和人体文献进行了系统综述。还展示了吸烟与从不吸烟的认知正常老年人在体内淀粉样蛋白成像比较的原始数据。
结果
总体而言，文献表明既往/当前吸烟与AD风险显著增加相关。在临床前模型和人体中，香烟烟雾/吸烟与AD神经病理学有关。与吸烟相关的脑氧化应激是促进AD病理学和增加AD风险的潜在机制。
结论
吸烟率的降低可能会降低未来AD的患病率。
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