Savoy Elaine, Reitzel Lorraine R, Scheuermann Taneisha S, Agarwal Mohit, Mathur Charu, Choi Won S, Ahluwalia Jasjit S
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Addict Behav. 2014 Oct;39(10):1398-403. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.05.002. Epub 2014 May 17.
Although the relationship between risk perceptions and quit intentions has been established, few studies explore the potential impact of smoking level on these associations, and none have done so among diversely-aged samples of multiple ethnicities.
Participants, ranging in age from 25 to 81, were 1133 nondaily smokers (smoked ≥1 cigarette on 4 to 24days in the past 30days), 556 light daily smokers (≤10 cigarettes per day), and 585 moderate to heavy daily smokers (>10 cigarettes per day). Each smoking level comprised approximately equal numbers of African Americans, Latinos, and Whites. A logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sociodemographics, self-rated health, time to the first cigarette of the day and smoking level, was used to examine the association between risk perception (perceived risk of acquiring lung cancer, lung disease, and heart disease) and intention to quit (≤6months versus >6months/never). A second adjusted model tested moderation by smoking level with an interaction term.
Greater risk perception was associated with a higher odds of planning to quit within 6months (AOR=1.34, CI.95=1.24, 1.45). Smoking level did not moderate this association (p=.85).
Results suggest that educating all smokers, irrespective of their smoking level, about increased risk of developing smoking-related diseases might be a helpful strategy to enhance their intention to make a smoking quit attempt.
尽管风险认知与戒烟意愿之间的关系已得到确立，但很少有研究探讨吸烟量对这些关联的潜在影响，而且在不同年龄、多种族的样本中均未进行过此类研究。
参与者年龄在25岁至81岁之间，包括1133名非每日吸烟者（过去30天内4至24天每天至少吸1支烟）、556名轻度每日吸烟者（每天≤10支烟）和585名中度至重度每日吸烟者（每天>10支烟）。每个吸烟量组中，非裔美国人、拉丁裔和白人的数量大致相等。采用逻辑回归分析，对社会人口统计学、自我评估健康状况、每天第一支烟的时间和吸烟量进行调整，以检验风险认知（患肺癌、肺病和心脏病的感知风险）与戒烟意愿（≤6个月与>6个月/从不）之间的关联。第二个调整模型通过一个交互项检验吸烟量的调节作用。
更高的风险认知与在6个月内计划戒烟的更高几率相关（调整后比值比=1.34，95%置信区间=1.24，1.45）。吸烟量并未调节这种关联（p=0.85）。
结果表明，向所有吸烟者，无论其吸烟量如何，宣传吸烟相关疾病风险增加，可能是增强其戒烟意愿的有益策略。
