Kumar Gajendra, Srivastava Amita, Sharma Surinder Kumar, Gupta Yogendra Kumar
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2014 Apr;139(4):610-8.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Sidh Makardhwaj (SM) is a mercury based Ayurvedic formulation used in rheumatoid arthritis and neurological disorders. However, toxicity concerns due to mercury content are often raised. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of SM on brain cerebrum, liver and kidney in rats.
Graded doses of SM (10, 50, 100 mg/kg), mercuric chloride (1 mg/kg) and normal saline were administered orally to male Wistar rats for 28 days. Behavioural parameters were assessed on days 1, 7, 14 and 28 using Morris water maze, passive avoidance, elevated plus maze and rota rod. Liver and kidney function tests were done on day 28. Animals were sacrificed and brain cerebrum acetylcholinesterase activity, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) in brain cerebrum, liver, kidney were estimated. The levels of mercury in brain cerebrum, liver and kidney were estimated and histopathology of these tissues was also performed.
SM in the doses used did not cause significant change in neurobehavioural parameters, brain cerebrum AChE activity, liver (ALT, AST, ALP bilirubin) and kidney (serum urea and creatinine) function tests as compared to control. The levels of mercury in brain cerebrum, liver, and kidney were found to be raised in dose dependent manner. However, the levels of MDA and GSH in these tissues did not show significant changes at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg. Also, there was no histopathological change in cytoarchitecture of brain cerebrum, liver, and kidney tissues at doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study suggest that Sidh Makardhwaj upto five times the equivalent human dose administered for 28 days did not show any toxicological effects on rat brain cerebrum, liver and kidney.
悉陀摩卡尔德瓦吉（SM）是一种用于治疗类风湿性关节炎和神经系统疾病的含汞阿育吠陀制剂。然而，因其汞含量常引发对毒性的担忧。因此，开展本研究以评估SM对大鼠大脑、肝脏和肾脏的影响。
将不同剂量的SM（10、50、100毫克/千克）、氯化汞（1毫克/千克）和生理盐水口服给予雄性Wistar大鼠，持续28天。在第1、7、14和28天使用莫里斯水迷宫、被动回避、高架十字迷宫和转棒试验评估行为参数。在第28天进行肝功能和肾功能测试。处死动物后，测定大脑乙酰胆碱酯酶活性、大脑、肝脏、肾脏中丙二醛（MDA）水平、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平。测定大脑、肝脏和肾脏中的汞含量，并对这些组织进行组织病理学检查。
与对照组相比，所用剂量的SM在神经行为参数、大脑乙酰胆碱酯酶活性、肝脏（谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、胆红素）和肾脏（血清尿素和肌酐）功能测试方面未引起显著变化。大脑、肝脏和肾脏中的汞含量呈剂量依赖性升高。然而，在10和50毫克/千克剂量下，这些组织中的MDA和GSH水平未显示出显著变化。此外，在10和50毫克/千克剂量下，大脑、肝脏和肾脏组织的细胞结构未出现组织病理学变化。
本研究结果表明，给予大鼠相当于人类剂量五倍的悉陀摩卡尔德瓦吉，持续28天，对大鼠大脑、肝脏和肾脏未显示出任何毒理学影响。
