Saldert Charlotta, Ferm Ulrika, Bloch Steven
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Division of Speech-Language Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int J Lang Commun Disord. 2014 Nov;49(6):710-21. doi: 10.1111/1460-6984.12105. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
It is known that dysarthria arising from Parkinson's disease may affect intelligibility in conversational interaction. Research has also shown that Parkinson's disease may affect cognition and cause word-retrieval difficulties and pragmatic problems in the use of language. However, it is not known whether or how these problems become manifest in everyday conversations or how conversation partners handle such problems.
To describe the pragmatic problems related to the use of words that occur in everyday conversational interaction in dyads including an individual with Parkinson's disease, and to explore how interactants in conversation handle the problems to re-establish mutual understanding.
METHODS & PROCEDURES: Twelve video-recorded everyday conversations involving three couples where one of the individuals had Parkinson's disease were included in the study. All instances of other-initiated repair following a contribution from the people with Parkinson's disease were analysed. Those instances involving a trouble source relating to the use of words were analysed with a qualitative interaction analysis based on the principles of conversation analysis.
OUTCOMES & RESULTS: In 70% of the instances of other-initiated repair the trouble source could be related to the semantic content produced by the individual with Parkinson's disease. The problematic contributions were typically characterized by more or less explicit symptoms of word search or use of atypical wording. The conversation partners completed the repair work collaboratively, but typically the non-impaired individual made a rephrasing or provided a suggestion for what the intended meaning had been.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: In clinical work with people with Parkinson's disease and their conversation partners it is important to establish what type of trouble sources occur in conversations in a specific dyad. It may often be necessary to look beyond intelligibility and into aspects of pragmatics to understand more fully the impact of Parkinson's disease on everyday conversational interaction.
众所周知，帕金森病引发的构音障碍可能会影响对话互动中的可理解性。研究还表明，帕金森病可能会影响认知，并导致语言使用中的词汇检索困难和语用问题。然而，尚不清楚这些问题是否以及如何在日常对话中显现出来，或者对话伙伴如何处理这些问题。
描述在包括帕金森病患者的二人组日常对话互动中出现的与词汇使用相关的语用问题，并探讨对话中的参与者如何处理这些问题以重新建立相互理解。
本研究纳入了涉及三对夫妻的12段日常对话视频记录，其中一方患有帕金森病。对帕金森病患者做出回应后由对方发起的所有修复实例进行了分析。那些涉及与词汇使用相关的问题源的实例，基于对话分析原则，采用定性互动分析进行分析。
在70%的由对方发起的修复实例中，问题源可能与帕金森病患者产生的语义内容有关。有问题的回应通常具有或多或少明显的词汇搜索症状或使用非典型措辞的特征。对话伙伴共同完成修复工作，但通常未受影响的一方会重新措辞或就预期含义提供建议。
在针对帕金森病患者及其对话伙伴的临床工作中，确定特定二人组对话中出现的问题源类型非常重要。为了更全面地理解帕金森病对日常对话互动的影响，往往有必要超越可理解性，深入到语用学方面。
