Schilling R F, Schinke S P, Nichols S E, Zayas L H, Miller S O, Orlandi M A, Botvin G J
Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY 10025.
Public Health Rep. 1989 Jan-Feb;104(1):2-11.
More than 8 of 10 intravenous drug users infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are black or Hispanic. Recognizing that sociocultural factors affect HIV transmission, public health officials have called for interventions designed for ethnic-racial minority groups. Considered in this paper are the nature and extent of AIDS among ethnic-racial minorities and the cultural aspects of drug use and sexual behavior related to HIV transmission. That drug users and their associates are practicing safer needle use is evident; that they are changing their sexual behavior is less so. Calling for rapid advances in knowledge and expanded efforts in intervention, Federal agencies have instituted numerous programs to support innovative research and demonstration projects in ethnic-racial minority communities. Needed are studies that (a) describe the phenomena of drug use and sexual behavior among ethnic-racial minority populations, (b) establish the efficacy of culturally specific AIDS prevention strategies in drug treatment and community settings, and (c) demonstrate new ways of recruiting, treating, and reducing relapse among drug users.
每10名感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的静脉注射吸毒者中，有超过8人是黑人或西班牙裔。鉴于社会文化因素会影响HIV传播，公共卫生官员呼吁针对少数族裔群体开展干预措施。本文探讨了少数族裔群体中艾滋病的性质和程度，以及与HIV传播相关的吸毒和性行为的文化层面。吸毒者及其同伴正在采取更安全的针头使用方法，这一点很明显；而他们改变性行为的情况则不太明显。联邦机构呼吁加快知识进步并加大干预力度，为此设立了众多项目来支持少数族裔社区的创新性研究和示范项目。需要开展以下研究：（a）描述少数族裔群体中的吸毒和性行为现象；（b）确定针对特定文化的艾滋病预防策略在药物治疗和社区环境中的效果；（c）展示招募、治疗吸毒者并减少其复吸的新方法。
