尼日利亚南部孕妇中的乙肝表面抗原血症（HBsAg）
Hepatitis B surface antigenemia (HBsAg) among pregnant women in southern Nigeria.
作者信息
Utoo B T
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, GPO Box 239 Makurdi, Nigeria.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2013 Dec;13(4):1139-43. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v13i4.39.
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common public health problems worldwide. Over one million people die annually of HBV- related chronic liver disease. Maternal to fetal transmission from chronic carriers exceeds 90% and accounts for up to 40% of the world's chronic carriers in endemic areas.
METHODS
This was a descriptive study which involved Serial recruitment of 836 women attending the antenatal clinic at a health facility in Cross-River State, Nigeria from 1(st) January to 30(th) June 2010. HBsAg screening was done using an ELISA test.
RESULTS
Fifty five (6.6%) of the 836 women screened tested positive for HBsAg. The mean age and parity of sero-positive subjects was 26.9 ±5.0 (range 18-38 years) and 2.2±1.2 (0 to 5) respectively. The prevalence was more in women who were farmers (29.1%) and those with either none or low level of formal education (67.2%).
CONCLUSION
Sero-prevalence of 6.6% among pregnant women is reported. Women education, economic empowerment and public enlightenment programmes focused on modification of risky social lifestyle is recommended. Efforts to promote routine screening of pregnant women, immunization and vaccination of infants should be sustained.
背景
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是全球最常见的公共卫生问题之一。每年有超过100万人死于与HBV相关的慢性肝病。慢性携带者的母婴传播率超过90%，在流行地区占全球慢性携带者的40%。
方法
这是一项描述性研究，于2010年1月1日至6月30日在尼日利亚克罗斯河州一家医疗机构的产前诊所连续招募了836名妇女。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试验进行HBsAg筛查。
结果
836名接受筛查的妇女中有55名（6.6%）HBsAg检测呈阳性。血清阳性受试者的平均年龄和胎次分别为26.9±5.0（范围18 - 38岁）和2.2±1.2（0至5）。农民妇女（29.1%）以及未接受正规教育或接受正规教育程度低的妇女（67.2%）中的患病率更高。
结论
报告了孕妇中6.6%的血清流行率。建议开展妇女教育、经济赋权以及侧重于改变危险社会生活方式的公众宣传项目。应持续努力促进孕妇的常规筛查、婴儿免疫接种和疫苗接种。
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