Mohr M, Lindenskov A, Holm P M, Nielsen H P, Mortensen J, Weihe P, Krustrup P
Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Faculty of Natural and Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2014 Aug;24 Suppl 1:36-42. doi: 10.1111/sms.12278.
The present study examined the effects of short-term recreational football training on blood pressure (BP), fat mass, and fitness in sedentary, 35-50-year-old premenopausal women with mild hypertension. Forty-one untrained, hypertensive women were randomized into a football training group (n = 21; FTG) and a control group (n = 20; CON). FTG performed 45 ± 1 1-h small-sided football training sessions during the 15-week intervention period. BP, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), blood lipid profile, and fitness level were determined pre- and post-intervention. After 15 weeks, systolic and diastolic BP, respectively, were lowered more (P < 0.05) in FTG (-12 ± 3 and -6 ± 2 mmHg) than in CON (-1 ± 1 and 1 ± 2 mmHg). Total body fat mass decreased more (P < 0.05) in FTG than in CON during the 15-week intervention period (-2.3 ± 0.5 kg vs 0.4 ± 0.3 kg). After 15 weeks, both total cholesterol (-0.4 ± 0.1 mmol/L vs 0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L) and triglyceride (-0.2 ± 0.1 mmol/L vs 0.3 ± 0.2 mmol/L) were lowered more (P < 0.05) in FTG than in CON. Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 test performance increased more (P < 0.05) in FTG than in CON (111 ± 18% vs 1 ± 3%) during the 15-week intervention period. In conclusion, short-term football training resulted in a marked reduction in BP and induced multiple improvements in fitness and cardiovascular health profile of untrained, premenopausal women with mild hypertension.
本研究调查了短期休闲足球训练对久坐不动、年龄在35至50岁之间且患有轻度高血压的绝经前女性的血压（BP）、脂肪量和体能的影响。41名未经训练的高血压女性被随机分为足球训练组（n = 21；FTG）和对照组（n = 20；CON）。在为期15周的干预期内，FTG进行了45±1次1小时的小型足球训练课程。在干预前后分别测定血压、身体成分（双能X线吸收法）、血脂谱和体能水平。15周后，FTG的收缩压和舒张压分别比CON降低得更多（P<0.05）（-12±3和-6±2 mmHg vs -1±1和1±2 mmHg）。在15周的干预期内，FTG的全身脂肪量比CON减少得更多（P<0.05）（-2.3±0.5 kg vs 0.4±0.3 kg）。15周后，FTG的总胆固醇（-0.4±0.1 mmol/L vs 0.1±0.2 mmol/L）和甘油三酯（-0.2±0.1 mmol/L vs 0.3±0.2 mmol/L）均比CON降低得更多（P<0.05）。在15周的干预期内，FTG的Yo-Yo间歇性耐力水平1测试成绩比CON提高得更多（P<0.05）（111±18% vs 1±3%）。总之，短期足球训练使患有轻度高血压的未经训练的绝经前女性的血压显著降低，并在体能和心血管健康状况方面带来了多项改善。
