Edokpolo Benjamin, Yu Qiming Jimmy, Connell Des
Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, Queensland, 4111, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Jun 18;11(6):6354-74. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110606354.
A comprehensive evaluation of the adverse health effects of human exposures to BTX from service station emissions was carried out using BTX exposure data from the scientific literature. The data was grouped into different scenarios based on activity, location and occupation and plotted as Cumulative Probability Distributions (CPD) plots. Health risk was evaluated for each scenario using the Hazard Quotient (HQ) at 50% (CEXP50) and 95% (CEXP95) exposure levels. HQ50 and HQ95 > 1 were obtained with benzene in the scenario for service station attendants and mechanics repairing petrol dispensing pumps indicating a possible health risk. The risk was minimized for service stations using vapour recovery systems which greatly reduced the benzene exposure levels. HQ50 and HQ95 < 1 were obtained for all other scenarios with benzene suggesting minimal risk for most of the exposed population. However, HQ50 and HQ95 < 1 was also found with toluene and xylene for all scenarios, suggesting minimal health risk. The lifetime excess Cancer Risk (CR) and Overall Risk Probability for cancer on exposure to benzene was calculated for all Scenarios and this was higher amongst service station attendants than any other scenario.
利用科学文献中的苯系物暴露数据，对人类接触加油站排放的苯系物所产生的不良健康影响进行了全面评估。根据活动、地点和职业，将数据分组到不同的情景中，并绘制为累积概率分布（CPD）图。使用50%（CEXP50）和95%（CEXP95）暴露水平下的危害商（HQ）对每个情景的健康风险进行评估。在加油站工作人员和维修汽油泵的机械师的情景中，苯的HQ50和HQ95>1，表明存在可能的健康风险。对于使用蒸汽回收系统的加油站，风险降至最低，该系统大大降低了苯的暴露水平。在所有其他苯的情景中，HQ50和HQ95<1，表明大多数暴露人群的风险极小。然而，在所有情景中，甲苯和二甲苯的HQ50和HQ95也<1，表明健康风险极小。计算了所有情景下接触苯的终生超额癌症风险（CR）和癌症总体风险概率，加油站工作人员的这一数值高于任何其他情景。
