Dänicke Sven, Valenta Hana, Ganter Martin, Brosig Bianca, Kersten Susanne, Diesing Anne-Kathrin, Kahlert Stefan, Panther Patricia, Kluess Jeannette, Rothkötter Hermann-Josef
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 50, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany,
Mycotoxin Res. 2014 Aug;30(3):161-70. doi: 10.1007/s12550-014-0201-7. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
Pigs might be exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and deoxynivalenol (DON) at the same time, and both toxins are thought to interactively affect the intestinal barrier, the innate immune system, and the xenobiotics metabolism. Hence, we aimed at examining the single and combined effects of both toxins on nutrient digestibility and DON metabolism. For this purpose, barrows (26 ± 4 kg) were fed restrictedly either a control diet (CON) or a diet contaminated with 3.1 mg DON/kg (DON) for 37 days. At day 37 of the experiment, pigs were infused intravenously for 60 min either with 100 μg DON/kg body weight (BW) (CON-DON), 7.5 μg LPS/kg BW (CON-LPS, DON-LPS) or a combination of both substances (CON-DON + LPS), or physiological saline (CON-CON, DON-CON). Blood samples were collected frequently until 3.25 h before the pigs were sacrificed for bile, liver, and kidney collection. The apparent digestibility of N-free extractives was significantly increased by 1 % when the DON-contaminated diet was fed. The total DON content in blood was significantly higher in endotoxemic pigs (34.8 ng/mL; CON-DON + LPS) when compared to the pigs infused with DON alone (18.8 ng/mL; CON-DON) while bile concentrations were not influenced by LPS. DON residue levels in liver and kidney closely reflected the treatment effects as described for blood. In contrast to DON infusion, the LPS challenge resulted in a significantly lower total DON concentration (13.2 vs. 7.5 ng/mL in groups DON-CON and DON-LPS, respectively) when the pigs were exposed to DON through the diet. The conjugation degree for DON in blood and bile was not influenced by treatments. In conclusion, endotoxemic pigs are characterized by higher DON residue levels in blood, liver, and kidney, probably by a compromised elimination.
猪可能会同时接触脂多糖（LPS）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON），并且认为这两种毒素会相互作用影响肠道屏障、先天免疫系统和外源性物质代谢。因此，我们旨在研究这两种毒素对营养物质消化率和DON代谢的单一及联合作用。为此，选用体重为26±4千克的公猪，将其限制饲喂对照日粮（CON）或含3.1毫克DON/千克的污染日粮（DON），持续37天。在实验的第37天，给猪静脉注射60分钟，注射剂量分别为100微克DON/千克体重（BW）（CON-DON）、7.5微克LPS/千克体重（CON-LPS、DON-LPS）或两种物质的组合（CON-DON+LPS），或生理盐水（CON-CON、DON-CON）。在处死猪采集胆汁、肝脏和肾脏之前，频繁采集血样直至3.25小时。饲喂含DON污染日粮时，无氮浸出物的表观消化率显著提高了1%。与仅注射DON的猪（18.8纳克/毫升；CON-DON）相比，内毒素血症猪（34.8纳克/毫升；CON-DON+LPS）血液中的总DON含量显著更高，而胆汁浓度不受LPS影响。肝脏和肾脏中的DON残留水平与血液中的处理效果密切相关。与注射DON相比，当猪通过日粮接触DON时，LPS刺激导致总DON浓度显著降低（DON-CON组和DON-LPS组分别为13.2和7.5纳克/毫升）。血液和胆汁中DON的结合程度不受处理影响。总之，内毒素血症猪的特征是血液、肝脏和肾脏中的DON残留水平较高，可能是由于清除受损。
