含无定形磷酸钙纳米颗粒的粘结剂的抗菌活性及离子释放
Antibacterial activity and ion release of bonding agent containing amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles.
作者信息
Chen Chen, Weir Michael D, Cheng Lei, Lin Nancy J, Lin-Gibson Sheng, Chow Laurence C, Zhou Xuedong, Xu Hockin H K
机构信息
Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, 650 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland Dental School, 650 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
出版信息
Dent Mater. 2014 Aug;30(8):891-901. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.025. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
OBJECTIVE
Recurrent caries at the margins is a primary reason for restoration failure. The objectives of this study were to develop bonding agent with the double benefits of antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities, to investigate the effects of NACP filler level and solution pH on Ca and P ion release from adhesive, and to examine the antibacterial and dentin bond properties.
METHODS
Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) and a quaternary ammonium monomer (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM) were synthesized. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) primer and adhesive served as control. DMADDM was incorporated into primer and adhesive at 5% by mass. NACP was incorporated into adhesive at filler mass fractions of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model was used to test the antibacterial bonding agents. Calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion releases from the cured adhesive samples were measured vs. filler level and solution pH of 7, 5.5 and 4.
RESULTS
Adding 5% DMADDM and 10-40% NACP into bonding agent, and water-aging for 28 days, did not affect dentin bond strength, compared to SBMP control at 1 day (p>0.1). Adding DMADDM into bonding agent substantially decreased the biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid production. Total microorganisms, total streptococci, and mutans streptococci were greatly reduced for bonding agents containing DMADDM. Increasing NACP filler level from 10% to 40% in adhesive increased the Ca and P ion release by an order of magnitude. Decreasing solution pH from 7 to 4 increased the ion release from adhesive by 6-10 folds.
SIGNIFICANCE
Bonding agents containing antibacterial DMADDM and remineralizer NACP were formulated to have Ca and P ion release, which increased with NACP filler level from 10% to 40% in adhesive. NACP adhesive was "smart" and dramatically increased the ion release at cariogenic pH 4, when these ions would be most-needed to inhibit caries. Therefore, bonding agent containing DMADDM and NACP may be promising to inhibit biofilms and remineralize tooth lesions thereby increasing the restoration longevity.
目的
边缘部位的继发龋是修复失败的主要原因。本研究的目的是开发具有抗菌和再矿化双重功效的粘结剂，研究纳米无定形磷酸钙（NACP）填料含量和溶液pH值对粘结剂中钙和磷离子释放的影响，并考察其抗菌性能和牙本质粘结性能。
方法
合成了无定形磷酸钙纳米颗粒（NACP）和一种季铵单体（甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基十二酯，DMADDM）。以Scotchbond多功能（SBMP）底漆和粘结剂作为对照。将DMADDM以5%的质量分数加入到底漆和粘结剂中。将NACP以10%、20%、30%和40%的填料质量分数加入到粘结剂中。采用牙菌斑微生态生物膜模型测试抗菌粘结剂。测量固化粘结剂样品中钙（Ca）和磷（P）离子的释放量与填料含量以及pH值为7、5.5和4的溶液的关系。
结果
与1天时的SBMP对照相比，在粘结剂中添加5%的DMADDM和10%-40%的NACP，并进行28天的水老化处理，对牙本质粘结强度没有影响（p>0.1）。在粘结剂中添加DMADDM可显著降低生物膜的代谢活性和乳酸生成量。对于含有DMADDM的粘结剂，总微生物、总链球菌和变形链球菌数量大幅减少。粘结剂中NACP填料含量从10%增加到40%，钙和磷离子释放量增加了一个数量级。溶液pH值从7降低到4，粘结剂中离子释放量增加了6-10倍。
意义
含有抗菌剂DMADDM和再矿化剂NACP的粘结剂能够释放钙和磷离子，粘结剂中NACP填料含量从10%增加到40%时，离子释放量增加。NACP粘结剂具有“智能”特性，在致龋性pH值为4时，这些离子最需要抑制龋齿，此时离子释放量会显著增加。因此，含有DMADDM和NACP的粘结剂有望抑制生物膜并使牙齿病变再矿化，从而延长修复体的使用寿命。
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