Chandla S S, Sood S, Dogra R, Das S, Shukla S K, Gupta Sanjay
J Indian Med Assoc. 2013 Oct;111(10):662-5.
There has been an increasing interest in pranayamic breathing exercises which have been known to improve the quality of life. Present study was conducted to find out the effect of Bhastrika and Anulom Vilom Pranayam and yogasana on heart rate variability, general well being, cognition and anxiety levels of the medical students. Ninety-six medical students were randomly divided into two groups. One group performed Bhastrika and Anulom Vilom Pranayam and the second Suryanamaskar for six weeks. The subjects were made to fill in PGI memory scale, Hamilton- anxiety scale and psychological general well being schedule and recording of heart rate variability parameters was done, before and after six weeks of pranayam practice. The results showed highly significant increase in high frequency (HF) components of heart rate variability and decrease in low frequency (LF) components and LF/HF inthe group practising pranayam. There was also highly significant improvement of cognition, general well being and anxiety as shown by the PGI memory scale, Hamilton- anxiety scale and psychological general well being schedule scores in this group. In the yogasana group no significant changes were observed in the heart rate variability, cognition and anxiety although psychological general well being schedule scores significantly improved after six weeks practice of yogasana. The study shows that practice of slow breathing type of pranayam for six weeks improves cognition, anxiety and general well being and Increases the parasympathetic activity. Whereas there was no effect of the yogasana on the above parameters except improvements in the general well being.
人们对已知能改善生活质量的调息呼吸练习越来越感兴趣。本研究旨在探究圣光调息法、完全式呼吸法和瑜伽体式对医学生心率变异性、总体幸福感、认知能力和焦虑水平的影响。96名医学生被随机分为两组。一组进行圣光调息法和完全式呼吸法，另一组进行拜日式，为期六周。在调息练习六周前后，让受试者填写PGI记忆量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表和心理总体幸福感量表，并记录心率变异性参数。结果显示，练习调息法的组中心率变异性的高频（HF）成分显著增加，低频（LF）成分及LF/HF降低。该组的PGI记忆量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表和心理总体幸福感量表得分也显示出认知、总体幸福感和焦虑方面的显著改善。在瑜伽体式组中，虽然在瑜伽体式练习六周后心理总体幸福感量表得分显著提高，但心率变异性、认知和焦虑方面未观察到显著变化。研究表明，六周的慢呼吸式调息练习可改善认知、焦虑和总体幸福感，并增加副交感神经活动。而瑜伽体式除了能改善总体幸福感外，对上述参数没有影响。
