Adrio Jose L, Demain Arnold L
Neol Biosolutions SA, BIC Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.
Research Institute for Scientists Emeriti (R.I.S.E.), Drew University, Madison, NJ 07940, USA.
Biomolecules. 2014 Jan 16;4(1):117-39. doi: 10.3390/biom4010117.
Microbial enzymes are of great importance in the development of industrial bioprocesses. Current applications are focused on many different markets including pulp and paper, leather, detergents and textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemical, food and beverages, biofuels, animal feed and personal care, among others. Today there is a need for new, improved or/and more versatile enzymes in order to develop more novel, sustainable and economically competitive production processes. Microbial diversity and modern molecular techniques, such as metagenomics and genomics, are being used to discover new microbial enzymes whose catalytic properties can be improved/modified by different strategies based on rational, semi-rational and random directed evolution. Most industrial enzymes are recombinant forms produced in bacteria and fungi.
微生物酶在工业生物过程的发展中具有重要意义。目前的应用集中在许多不同的市场，包括纸浆和造纸、皮革、洗涤剂和纺织品、制药、化工、食品和饮料、生物燃料、动物饲料和个人护理等。如今，为了开发更新颖、可持续且具有经济竞争力的生产工艺，需要新型、改良或/和更具通用性的酶。微生物多样性和现代分子技术，如宏基因组学和基因组学，正被用于发现新的微生物酶，其催化特性可通过基于理性、半理性和随机定向进化的不同策略进行改善/修饰。大多数工业酶是在细菌和真菌中产生的重组形式。
