Marsh John E, Perham Nick, Sörqvist Patrik, Jones Dylan M
School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Darwin Building, Preston, Lancashire, PR1 2HE, UK,
Mem Cognit. 2014 Nov;42(8):1285-301. doi: 10.3758/s13421-014-0438-6.
Three experiments investigated memory for semantic information with the goal of determining boundary conditions for the manifestation of semantic auditory distraction. Irrelevant speech disrupted the free recall of semantic category- exemplars to an equal degree regardless of whether the speech coincided with presentation or test phases of the task (Experiment 1), and this occurred regardless of whether it comprised random words or coherent sentences (Experiment 2). The effects of background speech were greater when the irrelevant speech was semantically related to the to-be-remembered material, but only when the irrelevant words were high in output dominance (Experiment 3). The implications of these findings in relation to the processing of task material and the processing of background speech are discussed.
三项实验研究了语义信息的记忆，目的是确定语义听觉干扰表现的边界条件。无关言语对语义类别示例的自由回忆造成的干扰程度相同，无论该言语与任务的呈现阶段还是测试阶段重合（实验1），且无论其由随机单词还是连贯句子组成（实验2）。当无关言语与待记忆材料在语义上相关时，背景言语的影响更大，但仅当无关单词在产出优势方面较高时才会如此（实验3）。讨论了这些发现对于任务材料处理和背景言语处理的意义。
