Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.
Aging Dis. 2013 Nov 26;5(4):226-37. doi: 10.14336/AD.2014.0500226. eCollection 2014 Aug.
Sarcopenia, an aging-induced generalized decrease in muscle mass, strength, and function, is known to affect elderly individuals by decreasing mobile function and increasing frailty and imbalance that lead to falls and fragile fractures. Sarcopenia is a known risk factor for osteoporotic fractures, infections, and early death in some specific situations. The number of patients with sarcopenia is estimated to increase to 500 million people in the year 2050. Sarcopenia is believed to be caused by multiple factors such as disuse, malnutrition, age-related cellular changes, apoptosis, and genetic predisposition; however, this remains to be determined. Various methods have been developed, but no safe or effective treatment has been found to date. This paper is a review on the association between sarcopenia and its related-fractures and their diagnoses and management methods to prevent fractures.
肌少症是一种与年龄相关的肌肉质量、力量和功能的全身减退，已知会通过降低活动能力、增加虚弱和失衡导致跌倒和脆性骨折，影响老年人。在某些特定情况下，肌少症是骨质疏松性骨折、感染和早亡的已知危险因素。预计到 2050 年，肌少症患者人数将增加到 5 亿人。肌少症被认为是由多种因素引起的，如废用、营养不良、与年龄相关的细胞变化、细胞凋亡和遗传易感性；然而，这一点仍有待确定。已经开发出各种方法，但迄今为止尚未发现安全有效的治疗方法。本文综述了肌少症与相关骨折及其诊断和管理方法的关系，以预防骨折。
