Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduated School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
Epidemiol Health. 2014 Aug 18;36:e2014014. doi: 10.4178/epih/e2014014. eCollection 2014.
Ebola virus disease (hereafter Ebola) has a high fatality rate; currently lacks a treatment or vaccine with proven safety and efficacy, and thus many people fear this infection. As of August 13, 2014, 2,127 patients across four West African countries have been infected with the Ebola virus over the past nine months. Among these patients, approximately 1 in 2 has subsequently died from the disease. In response, the World Health Organization has declared the Ebola outbreak in West Africa to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. However, Ebola is only transmitted by patients who already present symptoms of the disease, and infection only occurs upon direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an Ebola patient. Consequently, transmission of the outbreak can be contained through careful monitoring for fever among persons who have visited, or come into contact with persons from, the site of the outbreak. Thus, patients suspected of presenting symptoms characteristic of Ebola should be quarantined. To date, South Korea is not equipped with the special containment clinical units and biosafety level 4 facilities required to contain the outbreak of a fatal virus disease, such as Ebola. Therefore, it is necessary for South Korea to make strategies to the outbreak by using present facilities as quickly as possible. It is also imperative that the government establish suitable communication with its citizens to prevent the spread of uninformed fear and anxiety regarding the Ebola outbreak.
埃博拉病毒病(以下简称埃博拉)死亡率高;目前尚无安全性和疗效得到证实的治疗方法或疫苗,因此许多人对此种感染感到恐惧。截至 2014 年 8 月 13 日,过去 9 个月间,4 个西非国家已有 2127 人感染埃博拉病毒。这些患者中约有 1/2 随后死于该病。对此,世界卫生组织宣布西非埃博拉疫情构成国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。然而,埃博拉仅通过已经出现疾病症状的患者传播,并且只有在直接接触埃博拉患者的血液或体液时才会发生感染。因此,可以通过仔细监测曾到过疫区或与来自疫区的人接触的人员的发热情况,来控制疫情的传播。因此,应将出现疑似埃博拉症状的患者隔离。迄今为止,韩国尚无特殊隔离临床单位和四级生物安全设施来遏制埃博拉等致命病毒病的爆发。因此,韩国有必要尽快利用现有设施制定疫情应对策略。政府还必须与本国公民进行适当沟通,以防止对埃博拉疫情的传播产生不知情的恐惧和焦虑。