Na Woonsung, Park Nanuri, Yeom Minju, Song Daesub
Viral Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea. ; University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 2015 Jan;4(1):17-22. doi: 10.7774/cevr.2015.4.1.17. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
The 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa, caused by Ebola virus (Zaire Ebola virus species), is the largest outbreak of EVD in history. It cause hemorrhagic fever in human and nonhuman primates with high mortality rate up to 90% and can be transmitted by direct contact with blood, body fluids, skin of EVD patients or persons who have died of EVD. As of December 17, 2014, 450 healthcare personnel are known to have been infected with Ebola, of whom 244 died. For development of Ebola vaccine and treatment are highly difficult due to its dangerous and accessibility that requires biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) to conduct experiment. Also there is no specific vaccine and treatment for Ebola virus; however, many candidate vaccines and antiviral-drugs such as ZMapp and TKM-Ebola are being developed for Ebola virus disease. In this review, we focus on the epidemiology of 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus and candidate agent for preventing and curing from Ebola virus.
2014年在西非爆发的埃博拉病毒病（EVD），由埃博拉病毒（扎伊尔埃博拉病毒种）引起，是历史上最大规模的埃博拉病毒病疫情。它在人类和非人类灵长类动物中引发出血热，死亡率高达90%，可通过直接接触埃博拉病毒病患者的血液、体液、皮肤或死于该病的人的尸体进行传播。截至2014年12月17日，已知有450名医护人员感染埃博拉病毒，其中244人死亡。由于埃博拉病毒具有危险性且其实验需要生物安全4级（BSL-4）条件，因此开发埃博拉疫苗和治疗方法极具难度。此外，目前尚无针对埃博拉病毒的特效疫苗和治疗方法；不过，许多候选疫苗和抗病毒药物，如ZMapp和TKM-埃博拉，正在针对埃博拉病毒病进行研发。在本综述中，我们重点关注2014年埃博拉病毒疫情的流行病学以及预防和治疗埃博拉病毒的候选药物。
