Kim Mi Eun, Jung Yun Chan, Jung Inae, Lee Hee-Woo, Youn Hwa-Young, Lee Jun Sik
Department of Biology, Immunology Research Lab, BK21-plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University , Dong-gu, Gwangju , Republic of Korea .
Immunol Invest. 2015;44(2):137-46. doi: 10.3109/08820139.2014.942459. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
Inflammation is major symptom of the innate immune response by infection of microbes. Macrophages, one of immune response related cells, play a role in inflammatory response. Recent studies reported that various natural products can regulate the activation of immune cells such as macrophage. Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh is one of brown algae. Recently, various seaweeds including brown algae have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, anti-inflammatory effects of Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh are still unknown. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory effects of ethanolic extract of Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh (ESH) on RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line. The ESH was extracted from dried Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh with 70% ethanol and then lyophilized at -40 °C. ESH was not cytotoxic to RAW 264.7, and nitric oxide (NO) production induced by LPS-stimulated macrophage activation was significantly decreased by the addition of 200 μg/mL of ESH. Moreover, ESH treatment reduced mRNA level of cytokines, including IL-1β, and pro-inflammatory genes such as iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated macrophage activation in a dose-dependent manner. ESH was found to elicit anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting ERK, p-p38 and NF-κB phosphorylation. In addition, ESH inhibited the release of IL-1β in LPS-stimulated macrophages. These results suggest that ESH elicits anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated macrophage activation via the inhibition of ERK, p-p38, NF-κB, and pro-inflammatory gene expression.
炎症是微生物感染引发的固有免疫反应的主要症状。巨噬细胞作为免疫反应相关细胞之一，在炎症反应中发挥作用。最近的研究报道，多种天然产物可调节免疫细胞如巨噬细胞的激活。鼠尾藻是褐藻的一种。近来，包括褐藻在内的各种海藻都具有抗氧化和抗炎作用。然而，鼠尾藻的抗炎作用仍不明确。在本研究中，我们调查了鼠尾藻乙醇提取物（ESH）对RAW 264.7小鼠巨噬细胞系的抗炎作用。ESH是用70%乙醇从干燥的鼠尾藻中提取，然后在-40℃冻干。ESH对RAW 264.7细胞无细胞毒性，添加200μg/mL的ESH可显著降低脂多糖刺激巨噬细胞激活诱导产生的一氧化氮（NO）。此外，ESH处理以剂量依赖方式降低了脂多糖刺激巨噬细胞激活时细胞因子（包括IL-1β）以及促炎基因（如诱导型一氧化氮合酶和环氧化酶-2）的mRNA水平。发现ESH通过抑制细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）、磷酸化p38和核因子κB（NF-κB）的磷酸化发挥抗炎作用。此外，ESH抑制脂多糖刺激的巨噬细胞中IL-1β的释放。这些结果表明，ESH通过抑制ERK、磷酸化p38、NF-κB和促炎基因表达，对脂多糖刺激的巨噬细胞激活发挥抗炎作用。
