Finnbogadóttir Hafrún, Dykes Anna-Karin, Wann-Hansson Christine
Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014 Aug 28;14:293. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-293.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is a serious matter which threatens maternal and fetal health. The aim of this study was to develop a grounded theoretical model of women's experience of IPV during pregnancy and how they handle their situation.
Ten interviews with women who had experience of being exposed to IPV during pregnancy were analyzed using the grounded theory approach.
The core category 'Struggling to survive for the sake of the unborn baby' emerged as the main concern of women who are exposed to IPV during pregnancy. The core category also demonstrates how the survivors handle their situation. Also, three sub-core categories emerged, 'Trapped in the situation' demonstrates how the pregnant women feel when trapped in the relationship and cannot find their way out. 'Exposed to mastery' demonstrates the destructive togetherness whereby the perpetrator's behavior jeopardizes the safety of the woman and the unborn child. 'Degradation process' demonstrates the survivor's experience of gradual degradation as a result of the relationship with the perpetrator. All are properties of the core category and part of the theoretical model.
The theoretical model "Struggling to survive for the sake of the unborn baby" highlights survival as the pregnant women's main concern and explains their strategies for dealing with experiences of violence during pregnancy. The findings may provide a deeper understanding of this complex matter for midwives and other health care providers. Further, the theoretical model can provide a basis for the development and implementation of prevention and intervention programs that meet the individual woman's needs.
孕期亲密伴侣暴力是一个严重问题，威胁着母婴健康。本研究的目的是构建一个基于实证的理论模型，以描述孕期遭受亲密伴侣暴力的女性的经历以及她们如何应对自身处境。
采用基于实证的理论方法，对10名孕期有亲密伴侣暴力经历的女性进行了访谈分析。
核心类别“为了未出生的孩子努力求生”成为孕期遭受亲密伴侣暴力的女性的主要关切。该核心类别还展示了幸存者如何应对自身处境。此外，还出现了三个子核心类别，“陷入困境”展示了孕妇被困在这种关系中且无法脱身时的感受。“暴露于掌控之中”展示了一种具有破坏性的亲密关系，即施暴者的行为危及女性和未出生孩子的安全。“退化过程”展示了幸存者因与施暴者的关系而逐渐退化的经历。所有这些都是核心类别的属性，也是理论模型的一部分。
“为了未出生的孩子努力求生”这一理论模型突出了生存是孕妇的主要关切，并解释了她们应对孕期暴力经历的策略。这些发现可能会让助产士和其他医疗保健提供者对这一复杂问题有更深入的理解。此外，该理论模型可为制定和实施满足个体女性需求的预防和干预项目提供基础。
