Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015 Apr;84:1-29. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.09.005. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
The development of responsive biomaterials capable of demonstrating modulated function in response to dynamic physiological and mechanical changes in vivo remains an important challenge in bone tissue engineering. To achieve long-term repair and good clinical outcomes, biologically responsive approaches that focus on repair and reconstitution of tissue structure and function through drug release, receptor recognition, environmental responsiveness and tuned biodegradability are required. Traditional orthopedic materials lack biomimicry, and mismatches in tissue morphology, or chemical and mechanical properties ultimately accelerate device failure. Multiple stimuli have been proposed as principal contributors or mediators of cell activity and bone tissue formation, including physical (substrate topography, stiffness, shear stress and electrical forces) and biochemical factors (growth factors, genes or proteins). However, optimal solutions to bone regeneration remain elusive. This review will focus on biological and physicomechanical considerations currently being explored in bone tissue engineering.
能够对体内动态生理和机械变化做出响应并展示调制功能的响应性生物材料的发展仍然是骨组织工程中的一个重要挑战。为了实现长期修复和良好的临床效果，需要采用生物响应方法，通过药物释放、受体识别、环境响应和调节的可生物降解性来关注组织结构和功能的修复和重建。传统的骨科材料缺乏仿生特性，组织形态、化学和机械性能的不匹配最终会加速器械失效。多种刺激被认为是细胞活性和骨组织形成的主要贡献者或介质，包括物理（基质形貌、刚度、剪切应力和电力）和生化因素（生长因子、基因或蛋白质）。然而，骨再生的最佳解决方案仍然难以捉摸。本文将重点介绍当前在骨组织工程中探索的生物学和物理力学考虑因素。
