Baril-Gravel L, Labonté M-E, Couture P, Vohl M-C, Charest A, Guay V, Jenkins D A, Connelly P W, West S, Kris-Etherton P M, Jones P J, Fleming J A, Lamarche B
Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St-Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015 Jan;25(1):52-9. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.08.003. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
Little is known about the effect of various dietary fatty acids on pro- and anti-inflammatory processes. We investigated the effect of 5 oils containing various amounts of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), oleic acid (OA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on plasma inflammatory biomarkers and expression levels of key inflammatory genes and transcription factors in whole blood cells.
In a randomized, crossover controlled nutrition intervention, 114 adult men and women with abdominal obesity and at least one other criterion for the metabolic syndrome consumed 5 experimental isoenergetic diets for 4 weeks each, separated by 4-week washout periods. Each diet provided 60 g/3000 kcal of different oils: 1) control corn/safflower oil blend (CornSaff; LA-rich), 2) flax/safflower oil blend (FlaxSaff; ALA-rich), 3) conventional canola oil (Canola; OA-rich), 4) high oleic canola oil (CanolaOleic; highest OA content), 5) DHA-enriched high oleic canola oil (CanolaDHA; OA- and DHA-rich). Gene expression in whole blood cells was assessed in a subset of 62 subjects. CanolaDHA increased plasma adiponectin concentrations compared with the control CornSaff oil treatment (+4.5%, P = 0.04) and FlaxSaff (+6.9%, P = 0.0008). CanolaDHA also reduced relative expression levels of interleukin (IL)1B compared with CornSaff and Canola (-11% and -13%, respectively, both P = 0.03). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations were lower after Canola than after FlaxSaff (-17.8%, P = 0.047).
DHA-enriched canola oil exerts anti-inflammatory effects compared with polyunsaturated fatty acids from plant sources.
关于各种膳食脂肪酸对促炎和抗炎过程的影响，人们了解甚少。我们研究了5种含有不同量α-亚麻酸（ALA）、亚油酸（LA）、油酸（OA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的油对血浆炎症生物标志物以及全血细胞中关键炎症基因和转录因子表达水平的影响。
在一项随机、交叉对照营养干预研究中，114名患有腹部肥胖且至少有一项代谢综合征其他标准的成年男性和女性，每人食用5种等能量的实验性饮食，每种饮食持续4周，期间间隔4周的洗脱期。每种饮食提供60克/3000千卡的不同油类：1）对照玉米油/红花油混合物（CornSaff；富含LA），2）亚麻籽/红花油混合物（FlaxSaff；富含ALA），3）传统菜籽油（Canola；富含OA），4）高油酸菜籽油（CanolaOleic；OA含量最高），5）富含DHA的高油酸菜籽油（CanolaDHA；富含OA和DHA）。在62名受试者的子集中评估全血细胞中的基因表达。与对照的CornSaff油处理相比，CanolaDHA使血浆脂联素浓度升高（+4.5%，P = 0.04），与FlaxSaff相比升高（+6.9%，P = 0.0008）。与CornSaff和Canola相比，CanolaDHA还降低了白细胞介素（IL）1B的相对表达水平（分别降低-11%和-13%，P均 = 0.03）。食用Canola后高敏C反应蛋白浓度低于食用FlaxSaff后（-17.8%，P = 0.047）。
与植物来源的多不饱和脂肪酸相比，富含DHA的菜籽油具有抗炎作用。
