Comte Lise, Murienne Jérôme, Grenouillet Gaël
1] Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, ENFA; UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France [2] CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR5174 EDB, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
Nat Commun. 2014 Sep 24;5:5023. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6053.
Understanding climate-induced range shifts is crucial for biodiversity conservation. However, no general consensus has so far emerged about the mechanisms involved and the role of phylogeny in shaping species responses has been poorly explored. Here, we investigate whether species traits and their underlying phylogenetic constraints explain altitudinal shifts at the trailing and leading edges of stream fish species ranges. We demonstrate that these shifts are related to dissimilar mechanisms: whereas range retractions show some support for phylogenetic clustering due to a high level of conservatism in thermal safety margins, range expansions are underpinned by both evolutionarily conserved and labile traits, notably trophic position and life-history strategy, hence decreasing the strength of phylogenetic signal. Therefore, while climate change brings many difficulties in establishing a general understanding of species vulnerability, these findings emphasize how combining trait-based approaches in light of the species evolutionary history may offer new opportunities in facing conservation challenges.
了解气候导致的分布范围变化对于生物多样性保护至关重要。然而，迄今为止，对于其中涉及的机制尚未达成普遍共识，并且系统发育在塑造物种响应中的作用也鲜有探讨。在此，我们研究物种特征及其潜在的系统发育限制是否能解释溪流鱼类物种分布范围的后缘和前缘的海拔变化。我们证明这些变化与不同的机制有关：范围收缩由于热安全边际的高度保守性而表现出对系统发育聚类的某种支持，而范围扩张则由进化上保守和不稳定的特征共同支撑，特别是营养级和生活史策略，从而降低了系统发育信号的强度。因此，虽然气候变化在建立对物种脆弱性的普遍理解方面带来了许多困难，但这些发现强调了根据物种进化历史结合基于特征的方法如何可能为应对保护挑战提供新的机会。
