Rasenack R, Schneider C, Jahnz E, Schulte-Mönting J, Prömpeler H, Kunze M
University Gynaecological Clinic Freiburg, Freiburg i. Br.
Department of Medical Biometrics and Informatics of the Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg i. Br.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2012 Jan;72(1):64-69. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1280470.
The health benefits of breastfeeding for both infants and mothers are well-documented. The aim of this study was to clarify factors associated with successful breastfeeding. We performed a prospective, multi-centre cohort study of 443 mothers in person using a standardised questionnaire on postpartum day 1. Women who had started to breast-feed were interviewed by telephone after 3, 6 and 12 months. A statistical analysis was performed using the SAS system. 92 % of women (409/443) were initially breastfeeding. After three months the rate decreased to 74 %, after six months to 61 % and after 12 months to 28 %, respectively. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant positive association with the following factors: maternal age > 35 years, higher educational level, intention to breastfeed on postpartum day one, high motivation after three months, partner's support of the decision to breastfeed, satisfaction with the care provided in the maternity clinic, a positive breastfeeding experience and follow-up care by a midwife. Elective caesarean delivery, the use of breastfeeding aids, formula supplementation early on and the mother's concern about the amount of milk correlated negatively. Following a multivariate logistic regression analysis, four factors were correlated with having a positive influence on duration of breastfeeding: higher educational level, satisfaction with the care provided within the maternity clinic, follow-up care by a midwife, and a positive current experience of breastfeeding. Our data demonstrate certain factors successfully influence breastfeeding. Competent care in the maternity clinic, postpartum care by a midwife and a positive experience with breastfeeding increase the rate of breastfeeding and thus have a positive impact on the health of mother and newborn.
母乳喂养对婴儿和母亲的健康益处已有充分记录。本研究的目的是阐明与成功母乳喂养相关的因素。我们对443名母亲进行了一项前瞻性、多中心队列研究，在产后第1天使用标准化问卷进行面对面调查。开始母乳喂养的女性在3个月、6个月和12个月后接受电话访谈。使用SAS系统进行统计分析。92%的女性（409/443）最初进行母乳喂养。3个月后，这一比例降至74%，6个月后降至61%，12个月后降至28%。双变量分析显示，与以下因素存在显著正相关：母亲年龄>35岁、教育水平较高、产后第1天有母乳喂养意愿、3个月后积极性高、伴侣对母乳喂养决定的支持、对产科诊所提供的护理满意度、积极的母乳喂养经历以及助产士的随访护理。择期剖宫产、使用母乳喂养辅助工具、早期添加配方奶以及母亲对奶量的担忧呈负相关。经过多变量逻辑回归分析，有四个因素与母乳喂养持续时间有积极影响相关：教育水平较高、对产科诊所提供的护理满意度、助产士的随访护理以及当前积极的母乳喂养经历。我们的数据表明某些因素会成功影响母乳喂养。产科诊所的专业护理、助产士的产后护理以及积极的母乳喂养经历会提高母乳喂养率，从而对母亲和新生儿的健康产生积极影响。
