North Carol S, Barney Carissa J, Pollio David E
VA North Texas Health Care System, 4500 S. Lancaster Rd., Dallas, TX, 75216, USA,
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2015 Apr;50(4):569-78. doi: 10.1007/s00127-014-0970-5. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
Much of the mental health research that has emerged from the September 11 (9/11) attacks has been focused on posttraumatic stress disorder and its symptoms. To better understand the broader experience of individuals following a disaster, focus groups were conducted with individuals from affected companies both at Ground Zero and elsewhere in New York City.
Twenty-one focus groups with a total of 140 participants were conducted in the second post-9/11 year. Areas of identified concern were coded into the following themes: Disaster Experience, Emotional Responses, Workplace Issues, Coping, and Issues of Public Concern.
Discussions of focus groups included material represented in all five themes in companies both at Ground Zero and elsewhere. The emphasis and the content within these themes varied between the Ground Zero and other companies. Content suggesting symptoms of PTSD represented only a minority of the material, especially in the company groups not at Ground Zero.
This study's findings revealed an array of psychosocial concerns following the 9/11 attacks among employees of companies in New York City that extended far beyond PTSD. This study's results provide further evidence that trauma exposure is central to individuals' post-disaster experience and focus, and to individuals' adjustment and experience after disaster.
9·11袭击事件引发的许多心理健康研究都聚焦于创伤后应激障碍及其症状。为了更好地了解灾难后个体更广泛的经历，我们对来自世贸中心遗址及纽约市其他地方受灾公司的人员进行了焦点小组访谈。
在9·11事件后的第二年，我们开展了21个焦点小组访谈，共有140名参与者。确定的关注领域被编码为以下主题：灾难经历、情绪反应、工作场所问题、应对方式以及公众关注的问题。
焦点小组的讨论涵盖了世贸中心遗址及其他地方公司所有五个主题中的内容。这些主题的重点和内容在世贸中心遗址的公司和其他公司之间有所不同。表明创伤后应激障碍症状的内容仅占材料的一小部分，尤其是在非世贸中心遗址的公司小组中。
本研究结果揭示了9·11袭击事件后纽约市公司员工存在一系列社会心理问题，这些问题远远超出了创伤后应激障碍的范畴。本研究结果进一步证明，创伤暴露是个体灾难后经历和关注点的核心，也是个体灾难后调整和体验的核心。
