Annibali S, Cristalli M P, Tonoli F, Polimeni A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014 Oct;18(19):2863-81.
Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHEDs) represent an immature stem cell population, easily accessible without ethical concerns, able to induce pluripotent stem cells and to differentiate in osteoblasts, hepatocytes, adipocytes, neural cells, chondrocytes, myocytes, skin cells and odontoblasts.
The purpose of this review is to present a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge of SHEDs, through the description of their tissue sources, properties, differentiation potential, and comparative assessment of their advantages for tissue engineering.
Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Medscape and Web of Science) from 2003 to 30 September 2013 and scanning references lists of the included publications and of the reviews. No publication date or publication status restrictions were imposed. Only evidence available in English language was reviewed.
A total of 72 studies were identified for inclusion in the review. Clinical heterogeneity didn't allow for meta-analysis but only for a narrative synthesis. The outcomes of the present narrative synthesis are presented separately for methods of isolation and culture, characterization of SHEDs, differentiation in vitro and in vivo, use in animal model, and stem cell banking.
SHEDs display multifactorial potential such as strong and high proliferative capacity, easy accessibility, high viability and multilineage differentiation capacity. Their retrieval is relatively simple and non-invasive, no risks for developing immune reactions or rejection following transplantation exist and no immunosuppressive therapy is needed.
人脱落乳牙干细胞（SHEDs）代表一种未成熟的干细胞群体，易于获取且不存在伦理问题，能够诱导多能干细胞并分化为成骨细胞、肝细胞、脂肪细胞、神经细胞、软骨细胞、肌细胞、皮肤细胞和成牙本质细胞。
本综述的目的是通过描述SHEDs的组织来源、特性、分化潜能以及对其在组织工程中的优势进行比较评估，全面综合当前关于SHEDs的知识。
通过检索2003年至2013年9月30日的电子数据库（通过PubMed的MEDLINE、Medscape和科学网）并浏览纳入出版物和综述的参考文献列表来确定研究。未施加出版日期或出版状态限制。仅审查英文可得的证据。
共确定72项研究纳入本综述。临床异质性不允许进行荟萃分析，仅能进行叙述性综合分析。本叙述性综合分析的结果分别针对分离和培养方法、SHEDs的特征、体内外分化、在动物模型中的应用以及干细胞库进行呈现。
SHEDs具有多方面的潜能，如强大且高增殖能力、易于获取、高活力和多谱系分化能力。其获取相对简单且无创，移植后不存在发生免疫反应或排斥的风险，也无需免疫抑制治疗。
