Vitolo Márcia Regina, Louzada Maria Laura da Costa, Rauber Fernanda
Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014 Dec;17(4):873-86. doi: 10.1590/1809-4503201400040007.
To assess the impact of a child feeding training program for primary care health professionals about breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices.
Cluster-randomized field trial conducted in the city of Porto Alegre, (RS), Brazil. Twenty primary health care centers (HCC) were randomized into intervention (n = 9) and control (n = 11) groups. The health professionals (n = 200) at the intervention group centers received training about healthy feeding practices. Pregnant women were enrolled at the study. Up to six months of child's age, home visits were made to obtain variables related to breastfeeding and introduction of foods.
619 children were evaluated: 318 from the intervention group and 301 from the control group. Exclusive breastfeeding prevalence in the first (72.3 versus 59.4%; RR = 1.21; 95%CI 1.08 - 1.38), second (62.6 versus 48.2%; RR = 1.29; 95%CI 1.10 - 1.53), and third months of life (44.0% versus 34.6%; RR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.04 - 1.56) was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. The prevalence of children who consumed meat four or five times per week was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (36.8 versus 22.6%; RR = 1.62; 95%CI 1.32 - 2.03). The prevalence of children who had consumed soft drinks (34.9 versus 52.5%; RR = 0.66; 95%CI 0.54 - 0.80), chocolate (24.5 versus 36.7% RR = 0.66 95%CI 0.53 - 0.83), petit suisse (68.9 versus 79.7; 95%CI 0.75 - 0.98) and coffee (10.4 versus 20.1%; RR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.31 - 0.85) in their six first months of life was lower in the intervention group.
The training of health professionals had a positive impact on infant feeding practices, contributing to the promotion of child health.
评估一项针对初级保健卫生专业人员的儿童喂养培训计划对母乳喂养和辅食喂养实践的影响。
在巴西阿雷格里港（南里奥格兰德州）进行的整群随机现场试验。二十个初级卫生保健中心（HCC）被随机分为干预组（n = 9）和对照组（n = 11）。干预组中心的卫生专业人员（n = 200）接受了关于健康喂养实践的培训。招募孕妇参与研究。在孩子六个月大之前，进行家访以获取与母乳喂养和食物引入相关的变量。
对619名儿童进行了评估：干预组318名，对照组301名。在出生后的第一个月（72.3%对59.4%；相对危险度=1.21；95%可信区间1.08 - 1.38）、第二个月（62.6%对48.2%；相对危险度=1.29；95%可信区间1.10 - 1.53）和第三个月（44.0%对34.6%；相对危险度=1.27；95%可信区间1.04 - 1.56），干预组的纯母乳喂养率高于对照组。干预组中每周食用肉类四次或五次的儿童患病率高于对照组（36.8%对22.6%；相对危险度=1.62；95%可信区间1.32 - 2.03）。干预组中在出生后的前六个月饮用软饮料（34.9%对52.5%；相对危险度=0.66；95%可信区间0.54 - 0.80）、巧克力（24.5%对36.7%；相对危险度=0.66；95%可信区间0.53 - 0.83）、小瑞士奶酪（68.9%对79.7%；95%可信区间0.75 - 0.98）和咖啡（10.4%对20.1%；相对危险度=0.51；95%可信区间0.31 - 0.85）的儿童患病率较低。
卫生专业人员的培训对婴儿喂养实践产生了积极影响，有助于促进儿童健康。
