Nicolás Carlos, Hermosa Rosa, Rubio Belén, Mukherjee Prasun K, Monte Enrique
Departamento de Fisiología Vegetal, Centro Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/Río Duero 12, Campus de Villamayor, 37185 Salamanca, Spain.
Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Centro Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, C/Río Duero 12, Campus de Villamayor, 37185 Salamanca, Spain.
Plant Sci. 2014 Nov;228:71-8. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.03.005. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
Many filamentous fungi from the genus Trichoderma are well known for their anti-microbial properties. Certain genes from Trichoderma spp. have been identified and transferred to plants for improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, as well for applications in bioremediation. Several Trichoderma genomes have been sequenced and many are in the pipeline, facilitating high throughput gene analysis and increasing the availability of candidate transgenes. This, coupled with improved plant transformation systems, is expected to usher in a new era in plant biotechnology where several genes from these antagonistic fungi can be transferred into plants to achieve enhanced stress tolerance, bioremediation activity, herbicide tolerance, and reduction of phytotoxins. In this review, we illustrate the major achievements made by transforming plants with Trichoderma genes as well as their possible mode of action. Moreover, examples of efficient application of genetically modified plants as biofactories to produce active Trichoderma enzymes are indicated.
许多木霉属的丝状真菌以其抗菌特性而闻名。已从木霉属物种中鉴定出某些基因，并将其转移到植物中，以提高植物对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性，以及用于生物修复。多个木霉基因组已被测序，还有许多正在进行测序，这有助于高通量基因分析并增加候选转基因的可用性。再加上改良的植物转化系统，有望开创植物生物技术的新纪元，届时这些拮抗真菌的多个基因可被转入植物，以实现增强胁迫耐受性、生物修复活性、除草剂耐受性以及降低植物毒素。在本综述中，我们阐述了通过用木霉基因转化植物所取得的主要成果及其可能的作用模式。此外，还列举了转基因植物作为生物工厂高效生产活性木霉酶的实例。
