Lameiras João, Almeida Pedro L, Garcia-Mas Alexandre
1 ISPA-University Institute Lisbon Portugal.
Percept Mot Skills. 2014 Dec;119(3):851-60. doi: 10.2466/25.PMS.119c32z4.
In team sports, athletes' goals may focus on the task (enhancing performance, developing better skills, etc.) or on ego (being better than the others, achieving superiority, etc.). This study investigated the relationships between athletes' goal orientation and their tendency to cooperate with teammates and coaches. 158 professional men (M age = 24.1 yr., SD = 4.6) who played on various sport teams participated in this study. Goal orientation was measured with the Portuguese version of the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, and cooperation was measured with the Questionário de Cooperação Desportiva. Cooperation was positively correlated with task orientation, and negatively correlated with ego orientation. Overall, the findings support that in sports, directing the players' focus on task may promote prosocial behavior.
在团队运动中，运动员的目标可能集中在任务上（提高成绩、培养更好的技能等）或自我上（比其他人更好、获得优势等）。本研究调查了运动员的目标定向与其与队友和教练合作倾向之间的关系。158名在各种运动队中效力的职业男性（年龄M = 24.1岁，标准差SD = 4.6）参与了本研究。目标定向通过《运动任务和自我定向问卷》的葡萄牙语版本进行测量，合作通过《体育合作问卷》进行测量。合作与任务定向呈正相关，与自我定向呈负相关。总体而言，研究结果支持在体育运动中，将运动员的注意力导向任务可能会促进亲社会行为。
