Le Marchand L, Yoshizawa C N, Kolonel L N, Hankin J H, Goodman M T
Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96813.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989 Aug 2;81(15):1158-64. doi: 10.1093/jnci/81.15.1158.
We conducted a population-based study of diet and lung cancer among the multiethnic population of Hawaii in 1983-1985. We completed interviews for 230 men and 102 women with lung cancer and 597 men and 268 women controls, frequency-matched to the patients by age and sex. A quantitative dietary history assessed the usual intake of foods rich in vitamins A and C and carotenoids. A clear dose-dependent negative association was demonstrated between dietary beta-carotene and lung cancer risk in both sexes. After adjusting for smoking and other covariates, the men in the lowest quartile of beta-carotene intake had an odds ratio of 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.2) compared to those in the highest quartile of intake. The corresponding odds ratio for women was 2.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.1). No clear association was found for retinol, vitamin C, folic acid, iron, dietary fiber, or fruits. All vegetables, dark green vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, and tomatoes showed stronger inverse associations with risk than beta-carotene. This observation suggests that other constituents of vegetables, such as lutein, lycopene, and indoles, and others, may also protect against lung cancer in humans.
1983年至1985年，我们在夏威夷的多民族人群中开展了一项关于饮食与肺癌的基于人群的研究。我们完成了对230名男性和102名女性肺癌患者以及597名男性和268名女性对照者的访谈，对照者按年龄和性别与患者进行频率匹配。一份定量饮食史评估了富含维生素A、C和类胡萝卜素的食物的通常摄入量。饮食中的β-胡萝卜素与两性肺癌风险之间呈现出明显的剂量依赖性负相关。在对吸烟和其他协变量进行调整后，β-胡萝卜素摄入量处于最低四分位数的男性与摄入量处于最高四分位数的男性相比，比值比为1.9（95%置信区间为1.1至3.2）。女性的相应比值比为2.7（95%置信区间为1.2至6.1）。未发现视黄醇、维生素C、叶酸、铁、膳食纤维或水果有明显关联。所有蔬菜、深绿色蔬菜、十字花科蔬菜和番茄与风险的负相关比β-胡萝卜素更强。这一观察结果表明，蔬菜中的其他成分，如叶黄素、番茄红素和吲哚等，可能也能保护人类预防肺癌。
