Lutz Jonathan K, van Balen Joany, Crawford John Mac, Wilkins John R, Lee Jiyoung, Nava-Hoet Rocio C, Hoet Armando E
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
Am J Infect Control. 2014 Dec;42(12):1285-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.016. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
Little is known about the occurrence and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in public transportation in the United States. This research sought to determine the background prevalence and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of MRSA strains circulating on buses from a large, metropolitan transportation agency.
Electrostatic wipes were used to collect 237 surface samples from 40 buses randomly selected from July-October 2010. Six samples were collected from each bus immediately postservice and before any cleaning and disinfection. Positive isolates were analyzed for antibiotic resistance, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; and potential epidemiologic factors were examined.
Of the buses, 68% (27/40) were contaminated with S aureus, and 63% (25/40) were contaminated with MRSA. Seats and seat rails were the surfaces most frequently contaminated, followed by the back door and stanchions. Most (62.9%) of the MRSA isolates were classified as community-associated MRSA clones (SCCmec type IV), and 22.9% were health care-associated MRSA clones (SCCmec type II). Of the MRSA strains, 65% (5/20) were multidrug resistant.
MRSA was frequently isolated from commonly touched surfaces in buses serving both hospital and community routes. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis demonstrated that buses may be effective mixing vessels for MRSA strains of both community and health care-associated origin.
在美国，关于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）在公共交通中的发生情况和流行病学知之甚少。本研究旨在确定来自一家大型城市交通机构的公交车上循环的MRSA菌株的背景患病率以及表型和基因型特征。
使用静电擦拭布从2010年7月至10月随机选取的40辆公交车上采集了237份表面样本。每辆公交车在服务结束后且在进行任何清洁和消毒之前立即采集6份样本。对阳性分离株进行抗生素耐药性、葡萄球菌盒式染色体mec（SCCmec）类型和脉冲场凝胶电泳分析；并检查潜在的流行病学因素。
在这些公交车中，68%（27/40）被金黄色葡萄球菌污染，63%（25/40）被MRSA污染。座位和座位扶手是最常被污染的表面，其次是后门和支柱。大多数（62.9%）的MRSA分离株被归类为社区相关MRSA克隆（SCCmec IV型），22.9%为医疗保健相关MRSA克隆（SCCmec II型）。在MRSA菌株中，65%（5/20）对多种药物耐药。
在服务于医院和社区路线的公交车上，常见接触表面经常分离出MRSA。表型和基因型分析表明，公交车可能是社区和医疗保健相关来源的MRSA菌株的有效混合载体。
