Miller Alison L, Lumeng Julie C, LeBourgeois Monique K
aSchool of Public Health bCenter for Human Growth and Development cDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan dDepartment of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2015 Feb;22(1):41-7. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000125.
To highlight the recent findings on sleep-obesity associations in children. We focus on sleep duration, sleep timing and chronotype, and describe the potential mechanisms underlying sleep-obesity associations.
Poor sleep is increasingly common in children and associations between short sleep duration in early childhood and obesity are consistently found. Less is known about the infancy period, and the findings in adolescents are inconsistent. Sleep timing patterns may also contribute to obesity risk. Variable and shifted sleep schedules and evening chronotypes have recently been linked to adiposity in adults; less is known about children. Further, there is little understanding regarding the mechanisms of association. The timing of eating, dietary intake, obesogenic eating behaviors, and changes in appetite-regulating hormones have been identified as possible mechanisms for sleep-obesity associations and may be promising avenues for future research. Longitudinal and experimental work with children is needed to determine the nature of associations.
Beyond sleep duration, sleep timing patterns may contribute to obesity risk. Biological and behavioral processes have been proposed as mechanisms that may explain the association. Understanding the pathways through which poor sleep patterns could increase obesity risk in children may provide novel avenues for intervention.
强调儿童睡眠与肥胖关联的近期研究发现。我们聚焦于睡眠时间、睡眠时间安排和昼夜节律类型，并描述睡眠与肥胖关联背后的潜在机制。
睡眠质量差在儿童中日益普遍，且幼儿期短睡眠时间与肥胖之间的关联一直存在。关于婴儿期的情况了解较少，青少年的研究结果也不一致。睡眠时间模式也可能导致肥胖风险。可变和改变的睡眠时间表以及晚睡型昼夜节律类型最近已与成年人的肥胖相关联；关于儿童的情况了解较少。此外，对于关联机制知之甚少。进食时间、饮食摄入、致肥胖的饮食行为以及食欲调节激素的变化已被确定为睡眠与肥胖关联的可能机制，可能是未来研究的有前景途径。需要对儿童进行纵向和实验研究以确定关联的性质。
除了睡眠时间外，睡眠时间模式可能导致肥胖风险。生物和行为过程已被提出作为可能解释这种关联的机制。了解睡眠模式不佳可能增加儿童肥胖风险的途径可能为干预提供新途径。
